Figures (2)  Tables (1)

    • Figure 1. 

      Horticultural crops with known sex-determining genes. (a) The sex-determining genes of persimmon. (b) The sex-determining genes of kiwifruit. (c) The sex-determining genes of asparagus.

    • Figure 2. 

      Model of sex determination in gourds. (a) Model of sex determination in cucumber. (b) Model of sex determination in muskmelon. (c) Model of sex determination in watermelon.

    • Horticulture
      plants      		Gene nameOrgans with high expression levelGene function
      PersimmonOGIMale flowersPromoting the development of stamens
      MeGIBuds and flowers of femalePromoting the formation of female flowers
      KiwifruitSyGIThe rudimentary carpel of developing male flowersInhibiting the development of carpel in male flowers
      FrByTapetal cells during early stage of anther developmentMale maintenance
      GrapevineVviINP1Female flowersThe candidate gene for male sterility
      VviYABBY3Male flowersThe candidate gene for female sterility
      CucumberCsACS1G (F)Early stages of flower buds developmentPromoting the formation of female flowers
      CsACS11 (A)Phloem cells connected to flowers programmed to become femalePromoting carpel development
      CsWIP1Male flowersInhibiting carpel development and promoting male flower development
      CsACS2 (M)Flower buds at different stages of developmentInhibiting stamen development
      CsACO2Carpel primordiaPromoting carpel development
      MelonCmASC11Vascular bundles of female flowersPromoting carpel development in female flower
      CmWIP1(g)The carpel primordia of male flowersLeading to carpel abortion and promoting stamen development
      CmACS-7(a)The carpel primordia of female and hermaphrodite flowers at the early stagesInhibiting stamens development
      WatermelonClWIP1(gy)Carpel primordiaLeading to carpel primordia abortion
      ClACS7Carpel primordia of flower buds that are determined to develop into full carpelsPromoting the development of carpels
      CitACS4(a)Carpel primordia in pistillate flowersInhibiting of stamen development
      PumpkinCpWEIUndefinedInducing female flower development in undifferentiated asexual buds
      AsparagusSOFFFlower buds in supermale (weakly)Suppressing female organogenesis
      aspTDF1Anther tapetumPromoting anther development

      Table 1. 

      The sex-related gene with known function in horticultural crops.