Figures (4)  Tables (3)

    • Figure 1. 

      Structures of 10 marker compounds of Radix Astragali.

    • Figure 2. 

      Comparison of UHPLC/DAD-MS UV254 nm, ESI negative, ESI positive chromatograms between ultrafine granular powder (UGP) and sliced traditional material (TM) of Radix Astragali. UV 254 nm chromatograms (a) UGP1 (top) and TM1 (down), (d) UGP2 (top) and TM (down); ESI negative chromatograms (b) UGP1 (top) and TM1 (down), (e) UGP2 (top) and TM2 (down); ESI positive chromatograms (c) UGP1 (top) and TM1 (down), (f) UGP2 (top) and TM2 (down).

    • Figure 3. 

      Comparison of content (mg/g dry material) for marker compounds 1, 4, and 8 between ultrafine granular powder (UGP) and sliced traditional material (TM) of Radix Astragali. (a) UGP2 and TM2 accessions (n = 10); (b) UGP3 and TM3 accessions (n = 10).

    • Figure 4. 

      1H NMR spectra (500 MHz) of RAPS from (a) TM4 and (b) UGP4, recorded at a concentration of 10 mg/mL in D2O.

    • AnalytetR (min)MS (m/z)MW
      DAD 254 nmMSESI (+)ESI (–)
      17.187285 [M + H]+283 [M − H]−284
      25.219447 [M + H]+491 [M + HCOO]−446
      35.810533 [M + H]+475 [M − Malonyl + HCOO]−532
      48.791269 [M + H]+267 [M − H]−268
      56.411431 [M + H]+475 [M + HCOO]−430
      66.928517 [M + H]+267 [M – Malonyl – Glc -H]−516
      77.939807 [M + Na]+829 [M + HCOO]−784
      88.571849 [M + Na]+871 [M + HCOO]−826
      99.737891 [M + Na]+913 [M + HCOO]−868
      1010.166933 [M + Na]+955 [M + HCOO]−910

      Table 1. 

      Retention time (tR) and characteristic MS data of 10 marker compounds.

    • CompoundDetectorUGP2 (mean ± SD mg/g)RSD (%)TM2 (mean ± SD mg/g)RSD (%)
      1UV 2540.062 ± 0.002**3.050.038 ± 0.016**43.80
      2UV 2540.190 ± 0.010*5.090.239 ± 0.040*17.94
      3UV 2540.768 ± 0.015*1.940.909 ± 0.185*20.31
      4UV 2540.078 ± 0.002**1.910.064 ± 0.006**8.55
      5UV 2540.123 ± 0.004*3.130.148 ± 0.020*13.65
      6UV 2540.388 ± 0.0071.700.403 ± 0.08218.96
      Total isoflavonoids1.609 ± 0.0291.831.827 ± 0.32918.00
      8ESI-0.091 ± 0.0077.680.096 ± 0.01718.30
      9ESI-0.283 ± 0.0217.580.292 ± 0.0289.58
      10ESI-0.113 ± 0.0098.380.115 ± 0.01512.82
      Total astragalosides0.487 ± 0.0193.820.503 ± 0.0469.11

      Table 2. 

      Content of marker compounds 1−6 and 8−10 (mg/g dry material) in UGP2 and TM2 from the same source of Radix Astragali (n = 10).

    • CompoundDetectorUGP3 (mean ± SD mg/g)RSD (%)TM3 (mean ± SD mg/g)RSD (%)
      1UV 2540.162 ± 0.0042.210.179 ± 0.06737.74
      2UV 2540.212 ± 0.0083.820.188 ± 0.04423.23
      3UV 2540.656 ± 0.010**1.470.392 ± 0.126**32.14
      4UV 2540.139 ± 0.0021.400.136 ± 0.04029.31
      5UV 2540.124 ± 0.003**2.360.088 ± 0.012**13.63
      6UV 2540.312 ± 0.004**1.250.151 ± 0.029**18.88
      Total isoflavonoids1.603 ± 0.0271.671.133 ± 0.24121.29
      8ESI-0.196 ± 0.012**5.890.082 ± 0.024**29.20
      9ESI-0.498 ± 0.026**5.180.228 ± 0.047**20.71
      10ESI-0.182 ± 0.020**10.900.072 ± 0.023**31.66
      Total astragalosides0.876 ± 0.0262.960.382 ± 0.08822.90

      Table 3. 

      Content of marker compounds 1−6 and 8−10 (mg/g dry material) in UGP3 and TM3 from unknown batch sources of Radix Astragali (n = 10).