Figures (8)  Tables (2)

    • Figure 1. 

      (a) Schematic diagram for the prepared processing of PA-DAD, (b) FTIR spectra of DAD, PA and PA-DAD, (c) 31P NMR curve of PA-DAD and PA, (d) TG curves of PA-DAD.

    • Figure 2. 

      The calculated results of (a) Kissinger, and (b) Ozawa methods for neat EP and its different composites, (c) TG and (d) DTG curves for EP composites.

    • Figure 3. 

      (a) HRR, (b) SPR, (c) TSP, (d) COP, (e) CO2P curves vs time for EP composites under a flux with 35 kW/m2, and (f) the TSP reduction vs pCOP reduction of PA-DAD compared with other works.

    • Figure 4. 

      Digital photos of residual chars from cone calorimetry for (a) neat EP, (b) EP/10% PA-DAD, (c) EP/20% PA-DAD, (d) EP/25% PA-DAD. (a1)−(d1) EDS results and (a2)−(d2) SEM photos for corresponding residue char. (e) The images of elemental mapping for residue chars of EP/25% PA-DAD.

    • Figure 5. 

      (a) FTIR 3D and 2D spectra from pyrolysis products for PA-DAD. (b) FTIR 3D and 2D spectra from the pyrolysis products for pure EP and EP/25% PA-DAD with the maximum rate of decomposition.

    • Figure 6. 

      Speculated pyrolysis and flame-retardant mechanisms for composites with PA-DAD.

    • Figure 7. 

      (a) Tensile stress-strain curves, (b) tensile strength and modulus, (c) tensile toughness, (d) flexural stress-strain curves (e) flexural strength, (f) flexural toughness for EP and its corresponding composites.

    • Figure 8. 

      SEM images from the fractured surfaces of tensile samples for (a) neat EP, (b) EP/10% PA-DAD, (c) EP/20% PA-DAD, and (d) EP/25% PA-DAD. (e) EDS mapping photograph of tensile fractured surfaces for EP/25% PA-DAD.

    • SampleUL-94LOI (%)
      RatingDrippingt1/t2(s)
      Neat EPNRYES> 3020.4
      EP/10%PA-DADNRNO> 3023.6
      EP/20%PA-DADV-1NO8.0/2.425.3
      EP/25%PA-DADV-0NO1.1/0.928.0

      Table 1. 

      Detailed results corresponding to UL-94 and LOI for EP composites.

    • SamplesTTI
      (s)      		TPHRR
      (s)      		pHRR
      (kW/m2)      		THR
      (MJ/m2)      		pSPR
      (m2/s)      		TSP
      (m2)      		pCOP
      (g/s)      		pCO2P
      (g/s)      		FIGRA
      (kW/m2·s)
      Neat EP86 ± 3162 ± 51007 ± 3299.2 ± 1.90.26 ± 0.01027.7 ± 2.10.0258 ± 0.00070.586 ± 0.0136.21
      EP/10% PA-DAD71 ± 2121 ± 4740 ± 2696.1 ± 2.10.28 ± 0.01225.1 ± 1.70.0274 ± 0.00060.343 ± 0.0096.12
      EP/20% PA-DAD63 ± 2184 ± 4403 ± 2471.9 ± 0.70.12 ± 0.00616.6 ± 0.90.0125 ± 0.00050.176 ± 0.0072.19
      EP/25% PA-DAD34 ± 1203 ± 3280 ± 1971.2 ± 0.90.11 ± 0.00714.0 ± 1.10.0086 ± 0.00030.124 ± 0.0081.38

      Table 2. 

      Data from Cone calorimeter for EP and its composites.