Comparative transcriptomic analyses of ethylene and 1-MCP controlling sprouting in Kokei No.14 organic sweet potatoes during storage

Xueqian Zang; Guangwei Wu; Mingkai Peng; Bei Wang; Yanli Chen; Jingjing Kou; Guopeng Zhu; Xueqian Zang; Guangwei Wu; Mingkai Peng; Bei Wang; Yanli Chen; Jingjing Kou; Guopeng Zhu

doi:10.48130/tp-0025-0015

Figures (7) Tables (2)

Figure 1.
(a) -1 Color and -2 sprout changes of Kokei No.14 sweet potato roots after exposure to 1-MCP (30 μl·L⁻¹), ETH (200 μL·L⁻¹), ETH + 1-MCP (200 μL·L⁻¹ + 30 μL·L⁻¹) after one week. (b) -1 Average percentage weight loss, -2 respiration rates, -3 chroma, -4 hue, -5 and lightness of Kokei No.14 sweet potato roots subjected to different treatments: Air (Control), 1-MCP, ETH, and ETH + 1-MCP. -6 Changes in starch, -7 sucrose, and -8 flavonoid content in D (dormancy) and S (Sprouting) period. Each data point is a mean of three replicates with six roots. Means followed by different letters at the same sampling point indicate statistical differences according to Tukey's test (p < 0.05).
Figure 2.
(a) Radar chart of electronic nose results of Kokei No.14 sweet potato under treatments (Control, 1-MCP, ETH, ETH + 1-MCP). Values were the means of three replicates. (b) Sensory quality evaluation of sweet potato roots fumigated for 14 d under different treatments (Control, 1-MCP, ETH, ETH + 1-MCP).
Figure 3.
Transcriptome analysis of Kokei No.14 sweet potato roots at different postharvest stages. (a) Venn diagram for gene expression analysis under different treatments of roots, (b) heat map of the DEGs during root storage, (c) numbers of DEGs in the pair-wise comparisons, (d) KEGG pathway analysis of clustered DEGs in 19 categories. The X-axis indicates the number of DEGs, and the Y-axis indicates KEGG classification.
Figure 4.
Analysis of WGCNA during storage in Kokei No.14 sweet potato roots. (a) Clustering dendrogram of 7408 DEGs, the color rows provide a simple visual comparison of module assignments based on the dynamic hybrid branch cutting method, (b) number of genes contained in each module, and the correlation coefficient between phenotypic traits and module eigengenes presented with a color scale with red and blue representing positive and negative correlations, respectively.
Figure 5.
Expression profiles of DEGs associated with different plant hormones signal transduction, including (a) Auxin, (b) Ethylene, (c) Abscisic acid (ABA), (d) Jasmonic acid (JA), and (e) Salicylic Acid (SA). Rows in the heat map represent screened DEGs, and the columns indicate different samples (D-Control, D-1-MCP, D-ETH, D-ETH + 1-MCP, S-Control, S-1-MCP, S-ETH, and S-ETH + 1-MCP). The color gradient, ranging from blue through white to red, represents low, middle, and high values of the FPKM value. The denser the red color, the more expression is up-regulated, while the denser the blue color, the more expression is down-regulated.
Figure 6.
Heat map of the expression levels of DEGs involved in starch and sucrose metabolism.
Figure 7.
Heat map of the expression levels of DEGs involved in flavonoid metabolism.

Storage time (d)	Treatment	Hardness (N)	Adhesive force (N)	Adhesiveness (mJ)	Cohesiveness (ratio)	Springiness (mm)	Gumminess (N)	Chewiness (mj)
1	Control	27.22 ± 1.82^a	−0.07 ± 0.00^a	0.0069 ± 0.0014^a	0.83 ± 0.03^a	1.03 ± 0.08^b	53.32 ± 4.16^a	54.94 ± 5.45^b
	1-MCP	27.93 ± 1.62^a	−0.07 ± 0.00^a	0.0077 ± 0.0010^a	0.79 ± 0.03^b	1.23 ± 0.09^a	67.97 ± 23.09^a	84.22 ± 31.72^ab
	ETH	28.27 ± 2.99^a	−0.06 ± 0.02^a	0.0080 ± 0.0024^a	0.79 ± 0.01^b	1.28 ± 0.04^a	82.04 ± 17.13^a	105.25 ± 24.26^a
	ETH + 1-MCP	28.91 ± 2.11^a	−0.06 ± 0.04^a	0.0107 ± 0.0035^a	0.81 ± 0.01^ab	1.18 ± 0.11^ab	62.52 ± 12.21^a	73.39 ± 12.34^ab
6	Control	26.54 ± 2.02^b	−0.09 ± 0.09^a	0.0088 ± 0.0077^a	0.81 ± 0.02^a	1.34 ± 0.12^a	53.32 ± 4.16^a	148.32 ± 50.76^a
	1-MCP	27.17 ± 1.8^ab	−0.04 ± 0.00^a	0.0046 ± 0.0006^a	0.78 ± 0.01^a	1.24 ± 0.09^a	67.97 ± 23.09^a	77.16 ± 41.13^a
	ETH	27.65 ± 0.62^ab	−0.04 ± 0.00^a	0.0035 ± 0.0007^a	0.79 ± 0.03^a	1.30 ± 0.15^a	82.04 ± 17.13^a	108.27 ± 68.39^a
	ETH + 1-MCP	28.62 ± 1.31^a	−0.06 ± 0.04^a	0.0059 ± 0.0003^a	0.82 ± 0.05^a	1.47 ± 0.11^a	62.52 ± 12.21^a	165.92 ± 38.11^a
12	Control	25.98 ± 0.81^b	0.00 ± 0.00^a	0.0123 ± 0.0045^a	0.81 ± 0.05^a	1.35 ± 0.14^a	140.36 ± 11.22^a	189.82 ± 35.18^a
	1-MCP	26.76 ± 2.71^ab	−0.01 ± 0.02^a	0.0117 ± 0.0018^a	0.79 ± 0.02^a	1.23 ± 0.01^a	106.15 ± 25.54^a	129.95 ± 31.61^a
	ETH	27.27 ± 1.18^ab	−0.01 ± 0.02^a	0.0102 ± 0.0004^a	0.79 ± 0.03^a	1.20 ± 0.12^a	110.72 ± 19.78^a	133.82 ± 31.3^a
	ETH + 1-MCP	28.28 ± 1.30^a	−0.01 ± 0.02^a	0.0100 ± 0.0008^a	0.80 ± 0.06^a	1.24 ± 0.01^a	123.06 ± 32.03^a	152.73 ± 40.26^a
25	Control	25.19 ± 1.80^b	−0.06 ± 0.04^a	0.0297 ± 0.0418^a	0.78 ± 0.08^a	1.32 ± 0.08^a	76.17 ± 14.36^a	101.02 ± 24.77^a
	1-MCP	26.13 ± 1.54^ab	−0.03 ± 0.02^a	0.0046 ± 0.0024^a	0.81 ± 0.04^a	1.35 ± 0.16^a	109.22 ± 24.33^a	150.09 ± 46.56^a
	ETH	26.89 ± 1.97^ab	−0.05 ± 0.02^a	0.0115 ± 0.0134^a	0.78 ± 0.01^a	1.08 ± 0.07^a	75.02 ± 4.09^a	81.18 ± 3.73^a
	ETH + 1-MCP	27.66 ± 1.43^a	−0.05 ± 0.02^a	0.0054 ± 0.0014^a	0.78 ± 0.06^a	0.90 ± 0.56^a	95.51 ± 42.86^a	122.65 ± 64.82^a
27	Control	24.47 ± 1.79^b	−0.03 ± 0.02^a	0.0070 ± 0.0026^a	0.80 ± 0.02^a	1.27 ± 0.20^a	123.59 ± 33.62^a	146.21 ± 41.82^a
	1-MCP	25.37 ± 3.95^ab	−0.01 ± 0.02^a	0.0103 ± 0.0034^a	0.77 ± 0.04^a	1.23 ± 0.04^ab	99.00 ± 15.43^ab	121.72 ± 22.04^ab
	ETH	25.59 ± 1.62^ab	−0.06 ± 0.04^a	0.0048 ± 0.0022^a	0.77 ± 0.03^a	1.04 ± 0.08^b	78.25 ± 20.68^ab	82.20 ± 28.66^b
	ETH + 1-MCP	27.13 ± 1.51^a	−0.04 ± 0.04^a	0.0079 ± 0.0043^a	0.74 ± 0.03^a	1.02 ± 0.05^b	74.23 ± 14.84^b	76.19 ± 18.12^b
Means with the same letters in a column are not significantly different (p < 0.05) by Duncan's multiple range test. ± denotes standard deviation.

Table 1.

Texture parameters of KoKei No.14 organic sweet potato roots affected by different treatments.

Storage time(d)	Treatment	Average number of sprouts	Average sprout length (mm)
1	Control	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00
	1-MCP	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00
	ETH	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00
	ETH + 1-MCP	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00
6	Control	2.67 ± 0.58^a	3.33 ± 1.47^a
	1-MCP	1.00 ± 0.00^b	0.79 ± 0.69^b
	ETH	0.00 ± 0.00^c	0.00 ± 0.00^b
	ETH + 1-MCP	0.00 ± 0.00^c	0.00 ± 0.00^b
12	Control	5.33 ± 0.58^a	4.36 ± 1.87^a
	1-MCP	2.33 ± 0.58^b	2.46 ± 0.53^b
	ETH	0.33 ± 0.58^c	0.65 ± 0.03^c
	ETH + 1-MCP	0.00 ± 0.00^c	0.00 ± 0.00^c
25	Control	6.00 ± 0.00^a	5.28 ± 1.83^b
	1-MCP	4.33 ± 1.15^b	4.03 ± 0.80^b
	ETH	1.67 ± 0.58^c	1.86 ± 0.04^c
	ETH + 1-MCP	0.67 ± 0.58^c	0.40 ± 0.16^c
27	Control	6.00 ± 0.00^a	6.07 ± 1.58^a
	1-MCP	4.67 ± 1.15^b	5.34 ± 0.95^a
	ETH	2.00 ± 0.00^c	2.73 ± 0.05^b
	ETH + 1-MCP	1.00 ± 0.00^c	1.08 ± 0.14^b
Means bearing the same superscript within the same column are not significantly different at the 5% level (p < 0.05).

Table 2.

Average sprout number and average sprout length of Kokei No.14 organic sweet potato roots after 27 d (25 °C and 90% RH).