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    • Figure 1. 

      Genomic characterization of NF-Y genes in bermudagrass. (a) Phylogenetic relationship. (b) Collinearity of NF-Y genes in C. dactylon, B. distachyon, O. sativa, and A. thaliana.

    • Figure 2. 

      Sequence characteristics of bermudagrass NF-Y genes. (a) Phylogenetic relationship. (b) Gene structure of CdNF-Y genes. (c) Conserved protein domain of CdNF-Y proteins.

    • Figure 3. 

      Expression of bermudagrass NF-Y genes in six organs and under different stress treatments. Left panel, phylogenetic tree of CdNF-Y genes. Right panel, heatmap showing the average expression abundance of the transcriptome dataset.

    • Figure 4. 

      Expression analysis of the six bermudagrass NF-Y genes using RT-qPCR. The expression of (a) CdNF-YA-1A1, (b) CdNF-YA-4B2, (c) CdNF-YB-7B2, (d) CdNF-YB-9B2, (e) CdNF-YC-1A2, and (f) CdNF-YC-7A1 was quantified using the CdSUD1 gene as a reference. Error bars represent SE. Different letters indicate significant differences determined by Tukey's multiple comparison test.

    • Figure 5. 

      Cloning of the CdNF-YA-1A1, CdNF-YB-7B2, and CdNF-YC-1A2 genes. (a) Gel electrophoresis showing the PCR amplification of CdNF-YA-1A1, CdNF-YB-7B2, and CdNF-YC-1A2 genes. The nucleic acid sequence of (b) CdNF-YA-1A1, (c) CdNF-YB-7B2, and (d) CdNF-YC-1A2 genes, and the deduced amino acid sequence of the encoding proteins.

    • Figure 6. 

      Subcellular localization and transactivation activity analysis of the CdNF-YA-1A1, CdNF-YB-7B2, and CdNF-YC-1A2 proteins. (a) Subcellular location of CdNF-YA-1A1, CdNF-YB-7B2, and CdNF-YC-1A2 proteins in tobacco leaf epidermis cells. (b) Transactivation activity assay of CdNF-YA-1A1, CdNF-YB-7B2, and CdNF-YC-1A2 proteins in yeast cells.

    • Figure 7. 

      Interaction analysis of the CdNF-YA-1A1, CdNF-YB-7B2, and CdNF-YC-1A2. (a) Yeast two-hybrid assay. (b) Bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay showing the positive interaction between CdNF-YB-7B2 and CdNF-YC-1A2 proteins.

    • Figure 8. 

      Interaction analysis of the CdNF-YA-1A1 protein and the CdNF-YB-7B2/CdNF-YC-1A2 heterodimer. (a) Yeast three-hybrid assay. (b) Bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay showing the positive interaction between CdNF-YA-1A1 and the heterodimer of CdNF-YB-7B2/CdNF-YC-1A2.