Figures (4)  Tables (2)

    • Figure 1. 

      PRISMA flow diagram on literature search and selection for HPP-related scientific research activity across ASEAN countries.

    • Figure 2. 

      Food loss and waste association across the food supply chain, and their impact on food security and sustainability.

    • Figure 3. 

      The ASEAN adoption landscape for High-Pressure Processing technology.

    • Figure 4. 

      HPP adoption opportunities and barriers towards food security and sustainability goals.

    • Attributes Application High-pressure processing Thermal treatment
      Colour Avocado Colour largely preserved and relatively stable over time Significant colour changes; enzymatic browning
      Durian Colour largely preserved No major change reported
      Aroma Avocado Fruity, floral, and creamy aroma retained Substantial loss of key aroma compounds
      Durian Aroma compounds largely retained; no 'off' odour reported Minor changes in aroma compound; no 'off' odour was reported
      Texture Avocado Microstructural integrity maintained Denser structure and cohesiveness reduced
      Durian Texture integrity maintained Firmness reduced
      Enzyme activities Avocado Peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity slowed down Accelerate peroxidase activity
      Durian Pectin methyl esterase and polygalacturonase slowed down; delayed softening Pectin methyl esterase activity accelerated while polygalacturonase slowed down; does not delay softening

      Table 1. 

      Effect of high-pressure processing vs thermal treatment on durian and avocado products[33−39].

    • Country Adoption status Common commercial products No. of known HPP users No. of scientific relevant scientific publication to HPP*
      Thailand Established, high Cold-pressed juices, fruit/dairy beverages, coconut water, shelf-stable sauces, RTE meals, herbal teas, herbal extracts, functional ingredients, seafood 11 85 (69)
      Malaysia Established, moderate Cold-pressed juices, herbal shots, sauces, soymilk, coconut water, seafood, meat, durian paste, ready-to-eat/ready-to-cook meals 5 54 (48)
      Indonesia Established, emerging Juices, herbal shots 2 23 (20)
      Singapore Established, specialised High-value, specialised convenience-driven products:
      clean-label cold-pressed juices, cold brew coffee, durian, artisanal teas, export-oriented RTE meals for central kitchens and markets in Hong Kong and China      		 10 22 (15)
      Vietnam Emerging, initial Juices for export markets ND 16 (12)
      Philippines Emerging, initial ND ND 4 (4)
      Cambodia Minimal ND ND 2 (2)
      Laos, Brunei, Myanmar,
      Timor Leste      		 None ND ND 0
      * Number of articles documented 2000–2026 (number in parentheses for 2016–2026); ND: not documented.

      Table 2. 

      High-pressure processing adoption status, common commercial products, and the number of relevant scientific publications.