Figures (6)  Tables (3)

    • Figure 1. 

      TG and DTG curves of BC and OCW/BC blends during the combustion at 20 °C·min−1: (a) TG, (b) DTG.

    • Figure 2. 

      TG and DTG curves of BC95OCW5 blends at different heating rates (10, 20, and 40 °C·min−1): (a) TG, (b) DTG.

    • Figure 3. 

      Combustion characteristic indices for coal–OCW blends: (a) Ci, (b) Cb, (c) S, and (d) Dw.

    • Figure 4. 

      Activation energy evaluation of BC100: (a) FWO, (b) KAS.

    • Figure 5. 

      Activation energy evaluation of BC95OCW5: (a) FWO, (b) KAS.

    • Figure 6. 

      Activation energy evaluation of BC90OCW10: (a) FWO, (b) KAS.

    • Sample Proximate analysis (Air dry basis, wt%) Ultimate analysis (Air dry basis, wt%) LHV (kJ·kg−1)
      Mad Aad Vad FCad* Cad Had Oad* Nad Sad
      BC 5.97 24.42 20.25 49.36 61.34 1.65 5.31 0.67 0.64 24,675
      M: moisture; A: ash yield; VM: volatile matter; FC: fixed carbon; LHV: lower heating value; *: calculated by subtraction.

      Table 1. 

      Proximate and ultimate analyses and lower heating value of the BC

    • pH COD (Cr) (mg·L−1) Fe (mg·L−1) Na (mg·L−1) Cl (mg·L−1) NH3-N (mg·L−1) TDS (mg·L−1) Color
      9.35 55,097 6,783 10,557 12.98 5,068.75 38,380 Aubergine

      Table 2. 

      The quality of OCW

    • Sample Β
      (°C·min−1)      		 Ti (°C) Tp (°C) Tb (°C) (dw/dt)max
      (%·min−1)      		 (dw/dt)mean
      (%·min−1)
      BC100 10 411.58 496.05 674.64 4.74 2.28
      BC99
      OCW1      		 390.56 483.55 645.80 4.30 2.06
      BC97
      OCW3      		 398.09 498.41 665.33 4.83 2.43
      BC95
      OCW5      		 396.76 496.41 664.83 4.60 2.36
      BC90
      OCW10      		 393.16 485.60 654.25 4.26 2.37
      BC100 20 425.75 525.14 688.24 9.38 5.05
      BC99
      OCW1      		 425.34 521.53 679.54 8.83 4.80
      BC97
      OCW3      		 419.06 521.59 694.13 8.50 4.42
      BC95
      OCW5      		 427.91 526.87 691.87 8.41 4.54
      BC90
      OCW10      		 421.81 528.06 697.42 7.89 4.41
      BC100 40 461.54 559.88 708.48 18.43 10.22
      BC99
      OCW1      		 451.37 556.63 711.08 18.34 10.02
      BC97
      OCW3      		 453.72 559.60 714.58 18.26 9.86
      BC95
      OCW5      		 432.33 565.48 721.58 17.21 9.21
      BC90
      OCW10      		 445.15 558.67 722.45 17.24 9.12

      Table 3. 

      Characteristic temperatures of samples at different heating rates (10, 20, and 40 °C·min−1)