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    • Figure 1. 

      Differential expression and co-expression network analysis in STAD. (a) Distribution of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between tumor and normal gastric tissues visualized by a volcano plot. (b) Determination of the soft-thresholding power (β = 6) based on the scale-free topology fit and mean connectivity analysis. (c) Correlation matrix illustrating the relationships between gene modules and STAD clinical traits. (d) Topological overlap matrix heatmap showing gene connectivity patterns. (e) Hierarchical clustering dendrogram with module color assignment. (f)–(i) Correlation analysis between module membership and gene significance for the magenta, green, cyan, and purple modules.

    • Figure 2. 

      Identification and prognostic evaluation of hub genes. (a), (b) Construction of the LASSO regression model and selection of the optimal λ value using cross-validation. (c), (d) Comparison of gene expression levels between tumor and normal tissues. (e) Kaplan–Meier survival analysis stratified by the expression levels of selected hub genes in STAD patients.

    • Figure 3. 

      Functional enrichment analysis of overlapping DEGs. Pathway enrichment was performed using publicly available KEGG annotations. Pathway diagrams were generated by the authors on the basis of KEGG database information without direct reproduction of original KEGG images.

    • Figure 4. 

      Correlation between hub genes' expression and tumor-related biological features. (a) CDRT15P1; (b) ETV2; (c) KCTD19; (d) LYSMD2; (e) STRC. Correlation coefficients and corresponding p-values are indicated in each panel.

    • Figure 5. 

      Association between hub genes' expression and immune cell infiltration in STAD. (a) CDRT15P1; (b) ETV2; (c) KCTD19; (d) LYSMD2; (e) STRC. Immune infiltration scores were estimated using single sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA).

    • Figure 6. 

      Predicted transcription factor and miRNA interaction network of STAD-related hub genes. Green nodes represent transcription factors and blue nodes represent miRNAs.

    • Figure 7. 

      Functional assessment of CDRT15P1 in GC cells. (a) Venn diagram showing the overlap between DEGs and CMT1A-related gene sets. (b) Relative mRNA expression of CDRT15P1 following siRNA transfection. (c) Cell proliferation assessed by the CCK-8 assay. (d) Colony formation assay. (e) Wound-healing assay evaluating migratory capacity. (f) Transwell invasion assay. (g) Apoptosis analysis by Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining. (h) Western blot analysis of PI3K/AKT pathway proteins following CDRT15P1 knockdown. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001.