Figures (35)  Tables (1)

    • Figure 1. 

      Maximum likelihood strict consensus tree illustrating the phylogeny of species of order Xenasmatales based on a dataset of ITS + nLSU. ML bootstrap values higher than 60% and Bayesian posterior probability values more than 0.90 are shown. New species are in bold; * indicates type material.

    • Figure 2. 

      Basidiomata of Xenasmatella abieticola (Dai 31691, holotype). (a) A fresh basidioma. (b) Dry hymenophore.

    • Figure 3. 

      Microscopic structures of Xenasmatella abieticola (Dai 31691, holotype). (a) Basidiospores. (b) Basidia and basidioles. (c) A section of hymenium.

    • Figure 4. 

      Basidiomata of Xenasmatella alutacea (Dai 38940, holotype). (a) A fresh basidioma. (b) Dry hymenophore.

    • Figure 5. 

      Microscopic structures of Xenasmatella alutacea (Dai 38940, holotype). (a) Basidiospores. (b) Basidia and basidioles. (c) A section of hymenium.

    • Figure 6. 

      Basidiomata of Xenasmatella caeruleogrisea (Wu 4147, holotype). (a) A fresh basidioma. (b) Dry hymenophore.

    • Figure 7. 

      Microscopic structures of Xenasmatella caeruleogrisea (Wu 4147, holotype). (a) Basidiospores. (b) Basidia and basidioles. (c) A section of hymenium.

    • Figure 8. 

      Basidiomata of Xenasmatella candidissima (Wu 2057, holotype). (a) A fresh basidioma. (b) Dry hymenophore.

    • Figure 9. 

      Microscopic structures of Xenasmatella candidissima (Dai 2057, holotype). (a) Basidiospores. (b) Basidia and basidioles. (c) A section of hymenium.

    • Figure 10. 

      Basidiomata of Xenasmatella ceracea (Wu 4471, holotype). (a) A fresh basidioma. (b) Dry hymenophore.

    • Figure 11. 

      Microscopic structures of Xenasmatella ceracea (Wu 4471, holotype). (a) Basidiospores. (b) Chlamydospores. (c) Basidia and basidioles. (d) A section of hymenium.

    • Figure 12. 

      Basidiomata of Xenasmatella conifericola (Dai 29783, holotype). (a) A fresh basidioma. (b) Dry hymenophore.

    • Figure 13. 

      Microscopic structures of Xenasmatella conifericola (Dai 29783, holotype). (a) Basidiospores. (b) Basidia and basidioles. (c) A section of hymenium.

    • Figure 14. 

      Basidiomata of Xenasmatella crystallina (Dai 40345, holotype). (a) A fresh basidioma. (b) Dry hymenophore.

    • Figure 15. 

      Microscopic structures of Xenasmatella crystallina (Dai 40345, holotype). (a) Basidiospores. (b) Basidia and basidioles. (c) A section of hymenium.

    • Figure 16. 

      Basidiomata of Xenasmatella foraminosa (Dai 34553, holotype). (a) A fresh basidioma. (b) Dry hymenophore.

    • Figure 17. 

      Microscopic structures of Xenasmatella foraminosa (Dai 34553, holotype). (a) Basidiospores. (b) Basidia and basidioles. (c) A section of hymenium.

    • Figure 18. 

      Basidiomata of Xenasmatella gymnosperma (Dai 32268, holotype). (a) A fresh basidioma. (b) Dry hymenophore.

    • Figure 19. 

      Microscopic structures of Xenasmatella gymnosperma (Dai 32268, holotype). (a) Basidiospores. (b) Basidia and basidioles. (c) A section of hymenium.

    • Figure 20. 

      Basidiomata of Xenasmatella hinnulea (Yuan 3296, holotype). (a) A fresh basidioma. (b) Dry hymenophore.

    • Figure 21. 

      Microscopic structures of Xenasmatella hinnulea (Yuan 3296, holotype). (a) Basidiospores. (b) Basidia and basidioles. (c) A section of hymenium.

    • Figure 22. 

      Basidiomata of Xenasmatella longispinosa (Dai 38498, holotype). (a) A fresh basidioma. (b) Dry hymenophore.

    • Figure 23. 

      Microscopic structures of Xenasmatella longispinosa (Dai 38498, holotype). (a) Basidiospores. (b) Basidia and basidioles. (c) A section of hymenium.

    • Figure 24. 

      Basidiomata of Xenasmatella monocotyledonis (Dai 26677, holotype). (a) A fresh basidioma. (b) Dry hymenophore.

    • Figure 25. 

      Microscopic structures of Xenasmatella monocotyledonis (Dai 26677, holotype). (a) Basidiospores. (b) Chlamydospores. (c) Hyphae from subhymenium. (d) Hyphae from subiculum.

    • Figure 26. 

      Basidiomata of Xenasmatella montana (Dai 40267, holotype). (a) A fresh basidioma. (b) Dry hymenophore.

    • Figure 27. 

      Microscopic structures of Xenasmatella montana (Dai 40267, holotype). (a) Basidiospores. (b) Basidia and basidioles. (c) A section of hymenium.

    • Figure 28. 

      Basidioma of Xenasmatella tabuliformis (Dai 34854, holotype). (a) A fresh basidioma. (b) Dry hymenophore.

    • Figure 29. 

      Microscopic structures of Xenasmatella tabuliformis (Dai 34854, holotype). (a) Basidiospores. (b) Basidia and basidioles. (c) A section of hymenium.

    • Figure 30. 

      Basidiomata of Xenasmatella tropica (Dai 36954, holotype). (a) A fresh basidioma. (b) Dry hymenophore.

    • Figure 31. 

      Microscopic structures of Xenasmatella tropica (Dai 36954, holotype). (a) Basidiospores. (b) Basidia and basidioles. (c) A section of hymenium.

    • Figure 32. 

      Basidioma of Xenasmatella versicolor (Dai 26000, holotype). (a) A fresh basidioma. (b) Dry hymenophore.

    • Figure 33. 

      Microscopic structures of Xenasmatella versicolor (Dai 26000, holotype). (a) Basidiospores. (b) Basidia and basidioles. (c) A section of hymenium.

    • Figure 34. 

      Basidiomata of Xenasmatella xylina (Dai 36856, holotype). (a) A fresh basidioma. (b) Dry hymenophore.

    • Figure 35. 

      Microscopic structures of Xenasmatella xylina (Dai 36856, holotype). (a) Basidiospores. (b) Basidia and basidioles. (c) A section of hymenium.

    • 1.Rhizomorphspresent 2
      1.Rhizomorphsabsent 7
      2.Basidiomatacoriaceous 3
      2.Basidiomatamembranous 4
      3.Hymenophoralsurfacedrab X. conifericola
      3.Hymenophoralsurfacewhite X tropica
      4.Generativehyphaethick-walled X. rhizomorpha
      4.Generativehyphaethin-walled 5
      5.Hymenophoralsurfacearachnoidorreticular X. tabuliformis
      5.Hymenophoralsurfacebyssaceous 6
      6.Basidiospores4.6–6.1µminlength X. abieticola
      6.Basidiospores3.4–4.5µminlength X. gymnosperma
      7.Basidiosporesthick-walled 8
      7.Basidiosporesthin-walled 10
      8.Basidiomatamembranous X. hinnulea
      8.Basidiomatacoriaceousorsoftcoriaceous 9
      9.Basidia18–25µmlong X. alutacea
      9.Basidia9–18µmlong X. foraminosa
      10.Generativehyphaethick-walledorslightlythick-walled 11
      10.Generativehyphaethin-walled 14
      11.Hymeniumwithabundantcrystals X. crystallina
      11.Hymeniumwithfewcrystalsorabsent 12
      12.Basidiosporessubglobosetoglobose X. xinpingensis
      12.Basidiosporesellipsoid 13
      13.Basidiomatagraytoblack X. nigroidea
      13.Basidiomatapalemousegraytoclaybuff,cinnamon X. hjortstamii
      14.Hymenophoralsurfacewithtuberculateorgrandinioid 15
      14.Hymenophoralsurfacewithouttuberculateorgrandinioid 16
      15.Basidiospores5–6×3.5–4.3µm X. jilongensis
      15.Basidiospores2.8–3.5×2.5–3µm X. wuliangshanensis
      16.Basidiomatacoriaceousorsoftcorky 17
      16.Basidiomatamembranousorceraceous 18
      17.Hymenophorebluishgray X. caeruleogrisea
      17.Hymenophoreverywhite X. candidissima
      18.Chlamydosporespresent 19
      18.Chlamydosporesabsent 20
      19.Generativehyphaewithsimple-septa X. monocotyledonis
      19.Generativehyphaebearingclampconnections X. ceracea
      20.Basidiawith2sterigmata X. bambusicola
      20.Basidiawith4sterigmata 21
      21.Basidiomatawithvariablecolors X. versicolor
      21.Basidiomatawithoutvariablecolors 22
      22.Hymenophoralsurfacewhitetolilac X. tenuis
      22.Hymenophoralsurfacewhitetogreyish,whitetocream,creamtobuff,pinkishbuff 23
      23.Hymenophoralsurfacegossypineorcottony 24
      23.Hymenophoralsurfacesmooth,pruinosetofarinaceous,holey,bassaceoustoreticulate 25
      24.Basidiosporessubglobosetoglobose X. gossypina
      24.Basidiosporesellipsoid X. xylina
      25.Hymenophoralsurfacesmooth X. roseobubalina
      25.Hymenophoralsurfacepruinosetofarinaceous,holey,bassaceoustoreticulate 26
      26.Hymenophoralsurfacepruinaceoustofarinaceous X. ailaoshanensis
      26.Hymenophoralsurfaceholeyorbyssaceoustoreticulate 27
      27.Basidiospores5.1–6.2×3.7–4.8µm X. longispinosa
      27.Basidiospores3.3–4.1×2.2–3.0µm X. montana