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Figure 1. 

Agaricus albicrassipes (a, b: ZRL20231653 holotype). (a, b) Basidiomata; (c) Basidiospores; (d) Basidioles; (e) Basidia; (f) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a) = 1 cm; (c–f) = 10 µm.

Figure 2. 

Agaricus platifissus (a, ZRL20162141, b ZRL20231805 holotype). (a, b) Basidioma; (c) Basidiospores; (d) Cheilocystidia; (e) Basidia; (f) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a, b) = 1 cm; (c–f) = 10 µm.

Figure 3. 

Agaricus submegacarpus (a, ZRL20170661; b, ZRL20235671 holotype). (a, b) Basidiomata; (c) Basidiospores; (d) Cheilocystidia; (e) Basidia; (f) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a, b) = 1 cm; (c–f) = 10 µm.

Figure 4. 

Molecular phylogenetic analyses of Agaricus species by the maximum likelihood (ML) method based on combined ITS–LSU–tef1α sequences, rooted with Agaricus daqinggouensis and Agaricus bisporiticus. Maximum likelihood bootstrap support values (ML) ≥ 60% and Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) ≥ 0.90 are shown around nodes as ML/PP. 'T' refers to the type specimen. Sequences newly generated in this study are indicated in bold. New species described herein are shown in red, whereas other specimens newly collected in this study are shown in blue.

Figure 5. 

Collybia brevispora (a, b: ZRL20235932 holotype). (a, b) Basidioma; (c) Basidiospores; (d) Basidia and Basidioles; (e) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a, b) = 1 cm; (c) = 5 µm; (d, e) = 10 µm.

Figure 6. 

Collybia yadongensis (a, ZRL20220382 holotype; b, ZRL20236670). (a, b) Basidiomata; (c) Basidiospores; (d) Basidia and Basidioles; (e) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a, b) = 1 cm; (c) = 5 µm; (d, e) = 10 µm.

Figure 7. 

Molecular phylogenetic analyses of Collybia species by the maximum likelihood (ML) method based on combined ITS–LSU–tef1α–rpb2 sequences, rooted with Pseudolyophyllum macrobasidium. Maximum likelihood bootstrap support values (ML) ≥ 60% and Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) ≥ 0.90 are shown around nodes as ML/PP. 'T' refers to the type specimen. Bold indicates sequences newly generated in this study. Red font refers to the new species.

Figure 8. 

Laccaria alutacea (a, ZRL20220420 holotype; b, ZRL20220777). (a, b) Basidiomata; (c, d) Basidiospores; (e) Basidia; (f) Cheilocystidia; (g) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a, b) = 1 cm; (c, d) = 2 µm; (e–g) = 10 µm.

Figure 9. 

Laccaria angustistipes (a, ZRL20152049; b, ZRL20220389 holotype). (a, b) Basidiomata; (c, d) Basidiospores; (e) Cheilocystidia; (f) Basidia; (g) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a, b) = 1 cm; (c, d) = 2 µm; (e–g) = 10 µm.

Figure 10. 

Laccaria dambaensis (a, ZRL20210538 holotype; b, ZRL20210807). (a, b) Basidiomata; (c, d) Basidiospores; (e) Basidia; (f) Cheilocystidia; (g) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a, b) = 1 cm; (c, d) = 5 µm; (e–g) = 10 µm.

Figure 11. 

Laccaria conifericola (a, ZRL20220145 holotype; b, ZRL20235012). (a, b) Basidiomata; (c, d) Basidiospores; (e) Basidia; (f) Cheilocystidia; (g) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a, b) = 1 cm; (c, d) = 2 µm; (e–g) = 10 µm.

Figure 12. 

Laccaria dingjieensis (a, ZRL20220313 holotype; b, ZRL20220418). (a, b) Basidiomata; (c, d) Basidiospores; (e) Basidia; (f) Cheilocystidia; (g) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a, b) = 1 cm; (c, d) = 5 µm; (e–g) = 10 µm.

Figure 13. 

Laccaria fasciculata (a, b: ZRL20235057 holotype). (a, b) Basidiomata; (c, d) Basidiospores; (e) Basidia; (f) Cheilocystidia; (g) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a, b) = 1 cm; (c, d) = 5 µm; (e–g) = 10 µm.

Figure 14. 

Laccaria ganziensis (a, ZRL20200134 holotype; b, ZRL20201653). (a, b) Basidiomata; (c, d) Basidiospores; (e) Basidia; (f) Cheilocystidia; (g) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a, b) = 1 cm; (c, d) = 5 µm; (e–g) = 10 µm.

Figure 15. 

Laccaria migpainensis (a, ZRL20220224; b, ZRL20231870 holotype). (a, b) Basidiomata; (c, d) Basidiospores; (e) Basidia; (f) Cheilocystidia; (g) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a, b) = 1 cm; (c, d) = 5 µm; (e–g) = 10 µm.

Figure 16. 

Laccaria yadongensis (a, ZRL20152140 holotype; b, ZRL20221203). (a) Basidiomata; (b) Basidioma; (c, d) Basidiospores; (e) Basidia; (f) Cheilocystidia; (g) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a, b) = 1 cm; (c, d) = 5 µm; (e–g) = 10 µm.

Figure 17. 

Molecular phylogenetic analyses of Laccaria species by the maximum likelihood (ML) method based on combined ITS–LSU–tef1α–rpb2 sequences, rooted with Mythicomyces corneipes. Maximum likelihood bootstrap support values (ML) ≥ 60% and Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) ≥ 0.90 are shown around nodes as ML/PP. Sequences newly generated in this study are indicated in bold. New species described herein are shown in red, whereas other specimens newly collected in this study are shown in blue. 'T' refers to the type specimen.

Figure 18. 

Cuphophyllus alticola (a, ZRL20201436 holotype). (a) Basidiomata; (b) Basidiospores; (c) Basidia; (d) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a) = 1 cm; (b–d) = 10 µm.

Figure 19. 

Cuphophyllus fulvus (a ZRL20152068 holotype; b ZRL20220479). (a) Basidioma; (b) Basidiomata; (c) Basidiospores; (d) Basidia; (e) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a, b) = 1 cm; (c–e) = 10 µm.

Figure 20. 

Molecular phylogenetic analyses of Cuphophyllus species by the maximum likelihood (ML) method based on combined ITS–LSU–rpb2 sequences, rooted with Ampulloclitocybe clavipes and Clitocybe subclavipes. Maximum likelihood bootstrap support values (ML) ≥ 60% and Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) ≥ 0.90 are shown around nodes as ML/PP. 'T' refers to the type specimen. Sequences newly generated in this study are indicated in bold. New species described herein are shown in red, whereas other specimens newly collected in this study are shown in blue.

Figure 21. 

Infundibulicybe jilongensis (a, b HMAS 259387). (a) Basidioma; (b) Basidiomata; (c) Basidiospores; (d) Basidia and Basidioles; (e) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a, b) = 1 cm; (c–e) = 10 µm.

Figure 22. 

Infundibulicybe nanorobusta (a ZRL20230632; b ZRL20230692 holotype). (a, b) Basidiomata; (c) Basidiospores; (d) Basidia and Basidioles; (e) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a, b) = 1 cm; (c–e) = 5 µm.

Figure 23. 

Molecular phylogenetic analyses of Infundibulicybe species by the maximum likelihood (ML) method based on combined ITS–LSU sequences, rooted with Omphalina licheniformis. Maximum likelihood bootstrap support values (ML) ≥ 60% and Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) ≥ 0.90 are shown around nodes as ML/PP. 'T' refers to the type specimen. Sequences newly generated in this study are indicated in bold. New species described herein are shown in red, whereas other specimens newly collected in this study are shown in blue.

Figure 24. 

Gymnopus batangensis (a, ZRL20201385 holotype, b ZRL20211060). (a, b) Basidiomata; (c) Basidiospores; (d) Basidia and Basidioles; (e) Cheilocystidia; (f) Pileipellis elements. Scale bars: (a, b) = 1 cm; (c) = 5 µm; (d–f) = 10 µm.

Figure 25. 

Gymnopus ochraceoflavus (a, ZRL20230630 holotype, b ZRL20230683). (a, b) Basidiomata; (c) Basidiospores; (d) Basidia and Basidioles; (e) Cheilocystidia; (f) Pileipellis elements. Scale bars: (a, b) = 1 cm; (c) = 5 µm; (d–f) = 10 µm.

Figure 26. 

Gymnopus planoconvexus (a, ZRL20235063 holotype, b ZRL20235065). (a) Basidiomata; (b) Basidioma; (c) Basidiospores; (d) Basidia and Basidioles; (e) Cheilocystidia; (f) Pileipellis elements. Scale bars: (a, b) = 1 cm; (c) = 5 µm; (d–f) = 10 µm.

Figure 27. 

Gymnopus sinopubescens (a, ZRL20190949 holotype, b ZRL20200605). (a, b) Basidiomata; (c) Basidiospores; (d) Basidia and Basidioles; (e) Cheilocystidia; (f) Pileipellis elements. Scale bars: (a, b) = 1 cm; (c) = 5 µm; (d–f) = 10 µm.

Figure 28. 

Molecular phylogenetic analyses of Gymnopus species by the maximum likelihood (ML) method based on combined ITS–LSU sequences, rooted with Marasmius medogensis. Maximum likelihood bootstrap support values (ML) ≥ 60% are shown around nodes as ML. Sequences newly generated in this study are indicated in bold. New species described herein are shown in red, whereas other specimens newly collected in this study are shown in blue. 'T' refers to the type specimen.

Figure 29. 

Tricholomopsis dambaensis (a ZRL20210537 holotype; b ZRL20210535). (a, b) Basidiomata; (c) Basidiospores; (d) Basidia and Basidioles; (e) Cheilocystidia; (f) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a, b) = 2 cm; (c–f) = 10 µm.

Figure 30. 

Molecular phylogenetic analyses of Tricholomopsis species by the maximum likelihood (ML) method based on combined ITS–LSU sequences, rooted with Conoloma mucronatum and Phyllotopsis nidulans. Maximum likelihood bootstrap support values (ML) ≥ 80% and Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) ≥ 0.90 are shown around nodes as ML/PP. Sequences newly generated in this study are indicated in bold. New species described herein are shown in red, whereas other specimens newly collected in this study are shown in blue. 'T' refers to the type specimen.

Figure 31. 

Melanoleuca guyutongensis (a ZRL20231156 holotype; b, c ZRL20231361). (a) Basidioma; (b, c) Basidiomata; (d, e) Basidiospores; (f) Basidia and Basidioles; (g) Cheilocystidia; (h) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a–c) = 2 cm; (d, e) = 5 µm; (f–h) = 10 µm.

Figure 32. 

Melanoleuca conopileus (a ZRL20235721 holotype). (a) Basidiomata; (b, c) Basidia; (d) Basidiospores; (e) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a) = 1 cm; (b–d) = 5 µm; (e) = 10 µm.

Figure 33. 

Melanoleuca piceicola (a ZRL20200714 holotype; b ZRL20200921). (a, b) Basidioma; (c, d) Basidiospores; (e) Basidia and Basidioles; (f) Cheilocystidia; (g) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a, b) = 2 cm; (c–e) = 5 µm; (f, g) = 10 µm.

Figure 34. 

Melanoleuca dengkengquzongensis (a ZRL20230996 holotype; b–c ZRL20231302). (a) Basidiomata; (b, c) Basidioma; (d, e) Basidiospores; (f) Basidia and Basidioles; (g) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a–c) = 1 cm; (d–f) = 5 µm; (g) = 10 µm.

Figure 35. 

Melanoleuca qilianensis (a, b ZRL20235855 holotype; c ZRL20235856). (a) Basidiomata; (b, c) Basidioma; (d, e) Basidiospores; (f) Basidia and Basidioles; (g) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a–c) = 1 cm; (d–f) = 5 µm; (g) = 10 µm.

Figure 36. 

Melanoleuca sinomelaleuca (a ZRL20211077 holotype; b ZRL20200829). (a) Basidiomata; (b) Basidioma; (c, d) Basidiospores; (e) Basidia and Basidioles; (f) Cheilocystidia; (g) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a, b) = 2 cm; (c–e) = 5 µm; (f, g) = 10 µm.

Figure 37. 

Melanoleuca xunhuaensis (a, b ZRL20234605 holotype; c ZRL20234607). (a–c) Basidioma; (d, e) Basidiospores; (f) Basidia; (g) Pileipellis. Scale bars: (a–c) = 1 cm; (d–f) = 5 µm; (g) = 10 µm.

Figure 38. 

Molecular phylogenetic analyses of Melanoleuca species by the maximum likelihood (ML) method based on combined ITS–tef1α–rpb2 sequences, rooted with Giacomia mirabilis and Giacomia sinensis. Maximum likelihood bootstrap support values (ML) ≥ 60% and Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) ≥ 0.90 are shown around nodes as ML/PP. Sequences newly generated in this study are indicated in bold. New species described herein are shown in red, whereas other specimens newly collected in this study are shown in blue. 'T' refers to the type specimen.

Figure 39. 

Clitocybula microspora (a, ZRL20191044 holotype; b, ZRL20221237). (a, b) Basidiomata; (c) Basidiospores; (d) Basidia; (e) Cheilocystidia; (f) Caulocystidia. Scale bars: (a, b) = 1 cm; (c) = 5 µm; (d–f) = 10 µm.

Figure 40. 

Molecular phylogenetic analyses of Clitocybula species by the maximum likelihood (ML) method based on combined ITS–LSU sequences, rooted with Hydropus marginellus. Maximum likelihood bootstrap support values (ML) ≥ 60% and Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) ≥ 0.90 are shown around nodes as ML/PP. 'T' refers to the type specimen. Sequences newly generated in this study are indicated in bold. New species described herein are shown in red, whereas other specimens newly collected in this study are shown in blue.

Figure 41. 

Tricholoma fulvoochraceum (a ZRL20200088 holotype). (a) Basidiomata; (b) Basidiospores; (c) Basidia and Basidioles; (d) Cheilocystidia. Scale bars: (a) = 1 cm; (b–d) = 5 µm.

Figure 42. 

Molecular phylogenetic analyses of Tricholoma species by the maximum likelihood (ML) method based on combined ITS–LSU sequences, rooted with Tricholoma josserandii and Tr. mutabile. Maximum likelihood bootstrap support values (ML) ≥ 60% and Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) ≥ 0.90 are shown around nodes as ML/PP. 'T' refers to the type specimen. Sequences newly generated in this study are indicated in bold. New species described herein are shown in red, whereas other specimens newly collected in this study are shown in blue.