[1]

Elshamy AI, Farrag ARH, Ayoub IM, Mahdy KA, Taher RF, et al. 2020. UPLC-qTOF-MS phytochemical profile and antiulcer potential of Cyperus conglomeratus Rottb. alcoholic extract. Molecules 25:4234

doi: 10.3390/molecules25184234
[2]

Ekwealor KU, Echereme CB, Ofobeze TN, Okereke CN. 2019. Economic importance of weeds: a review. Asian Plant Research Journal, 3:1−11

doi: 10.9734/aprj/2019/v3i230063
[3]

Assaeed A, Elshamy A, El Gendy AE, Dar B, Al-Rowaily S, et al. 2020. Sesquiterpenes-rich essential oil from above ground parts of Pulicaria somalensis exhibited antioxidant activity and allelopathic effect on weeds. Agronomy 10:399

doi: 10.3390/agronomy10030399
[4]

Hussain AY, Hussein HJ, Al-Rubaye AF. 2021. Antifungal activity of the secondary metabolites extracted from Carthamus tinctorius L. against aspergillus species isolated from stored medicinal plants seeds in the Iraqi markets. Clinical Schizophrenia & Related Psychoses 15:1−6

[5]

Bariş Ö, Güllüce M, Şahin F, Özer H, Kiliç H, et al. 2006. Biological activities of the essential oil and methanol extract of Achillea biebersteinii Afan. (Asteraceae). Turkish Journal of Biology 30:65−73

[6]

Sanguri S, Kapil S, Gopinathan P, Pandey FK, Bhatnagar T, et al. 2011. Comparative screening of antibacterial and antifungal activities of some weeds and medicinal plants, leaf extrats: an in-vitro study. Environment and Ecology 29:1351−54

[7]

Prakash P, Gupta N. 2005. Therapeutic uses of Ocimum sanctum Linn (Tulsi) with a note on eugenol and its pharmacological actions: a short review. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 49:125−31

[8]

Verma D, Banjo T, Chawan M, Teli N, Gavankar R. 2020. Microbial control of pests and weeds. In Natural Remedies for Pest, Disease and Weed Control, eds. Egbuna C, Sawicka B. Amsterdam: Elsevier. pp. 119−26 doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819304-4.00010-5

[9]

Proctor RH, McCormick SP, Kim HS, Cardoza RE, Stanley AM, et al. 2018. Evolution of structural diversity of trichothecenes, a family of toxins produced by plant pathogenic and entomopathogenic fungi. PLoS Pathogens 14:e1006946

doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006946
[10]

Chatterjee S, Kuang Y, Splivallo R, Chatterjee P, Karlovsky P. 2016. Interactions among filamentous fungi Aspergillus niger, Fusarium verticillioides and Clonostachys rosea: fungal biomass, diversity of secreted metabolites and fumonisin production. BMC Microbiology 16:83

doi: 10.1186/s12866-016-0698-3
[11]

Dif MM, Alami O, Benchohra AH, Allali N. 2023. Ethnobotanical study of antifungal medicinal plant in the region of El Bayadh (Algeria). Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Technology 15:80−84

[12]

Ahmad Dar R, Shahnawaz M, Ahmad Ahanger M, Majid IU. 2023. Exploring the diverse bioactive compounds from medicinal plants: a review. Journal of Phytopharmacology 12:189−95

doi: 10.31254/phyto.2023.12307
[13]

Malik MA, Batterjee MG, Kamli MR, Alzahrani KA, Danish EY, et al. 2022. Polyphenol-capped biogenic synthesis of noble metallic silver nanoparticles for antifungal activity against Candida auris. Journal of Fungi 8:639

doi: 10.3390/jof8060639
[14]

Meno L, Escuredo O, Rodríguez-Flores MS, Seijo MC. 2021. Looking for a sustainable potato crop. Field assessment of early blight management. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 308−309:108617

doi: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108617
[15]

Ahmad MF, Ahmad FA, Alsayegh AA, Zeyaullah M, AlShahrani AM, et al. 2024. Pesticides impacts on human health and the environment with their mechanisms of action and possible countermeasures. Heliyon 10:e29128

doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29128
[16]

Himanshi, Kumar M, Singh R. 2023. An in-vitro evaluation of antifungal potential of Withania somnifera and Ageratum conyzoides weed plants against Alteneria solani. Bio Science Research Bulletin 39:69−74

doi: 10.48165/bpas.2023.39.2.4
[17]

Yamamoto LA, Soldera JC, Emim JA, Godinho RO, Souccar C, et al. 1991. Pharmacological screening of Ageratum conyzoides L. (mentrasto). Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 86:145−47

doi: 10.1590/s0074-02761991000600033
[18]

Kostova I, Dinchev D. 2005. Saponins in Tribulus terrestris – chemistry and bioactivity. Phytochemistry Reviews 4:111−37

doi: 10.1007/s11101-005-2833-x
[19]

Peng Y, Li SJ, Yan J, Tang Y, Cheng JP, et al. 2021. Research progress on phytopathogenic fungi and their role as biocontrol agents. Frontiers in Microbiology 12:1−13

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.670135
[20]

Agrios GN. 2000. Significance of plant diseases. In Plant pathology. London: Academic press. pp. 25−37

[21]

Pimentão AR, Cuco AP, Pascoal C, Cássio F, Castro BB. 2024. Current trends and mismatches on fungicide use and assessment of the ecological effects in freshwater ecosystems. Environmental Pollution 347:123678

doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123678
[22]

Abdel-Aziz SM, Aeron A, Kahil TA. 2016. Health benefits and possible risks of herbal medicine. In Microbes in food and health, eds. Garg N, Abdel-Aziz SM, Aeron A. Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing. pp. 97−116 doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-25277-3_6

[23]

Alam S, Akhter N, Begum MF, Banu MS, Islam MR, et al. 2002. Antifungal activities (in vitro) of some plant extracts and smoke on four fungal pathogens of different hosts. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science 5:307−9

doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2002.307.309
[24]

Ribas e Ribas AD, Spolti P, Del Ponte EM, Donato KZ, Schrekker H, et al. 2016. Is the emergence of fungal resistance to medical triazoles related to their use in the agroecosystems? A mini review. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 47:793−99

doi: 10.1016/j.bjm.2016.06.006
[25]

Shuping DSS, Eloff JN. 2017. The use of plants to protect plants and food against fungal pathogens: a review. African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines 14:120−27

doi: 10.21010/ajtcam.v14i4.14
[26]

Brauer VS, Rezende CP, Pessoni AM, De Paula RG, Rangappa KS, et al. 2019. Antifungal agents in agriculture: friends and foes of public health. Biomolecules 9:521

doi: 10.3390/biom9100521
[27]

Kelman A, Shurtleff MC, Pelczar MJ, Pelczar RM. 2022. Plant disease. In Encyclopedia Britannica. Chicago, Illinois, USA: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. www.britannica.com/science/plant-disease

[28]

Singh LR, Singh OM. 2013. Datura stramonium: an overview of its phytochemistry and pharmacognosy. Research Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 5:143−48

[29]

Kumar M, Singh BJ, Mukherjee TK, Sharma P, Singh R. 2023. Evaluation of Boerhavia diffusa and Eichhornia crassipes plant extracts in vitro as potential antifungal agents against human pathogenic fungi Candida albician and Candida tropicalis: a comparative study. Journal of Applied and Natural Science 15:1636−45

[30]

Gupta S, Chaubey KK, Khandelwal V, Sharma T, Singh SV. 2021. Datura stramonium: an overview of its antioxidant system for plant benefits. In Antioxidants in Plant-Microbe Interaction, eds. Singh HB, Vaishnav A, Sayyed RZ. Singapore: Springer Singapore. pp. 461−68 doi: 10.1007/978-981-16-1350-0_22

[31]

Al Khoury A, Sleiman R, Atoui A, Hindieh P, Maroun RG, et al. 2021. Antifungal and anti-aflatoxigenic properties of organs of Cannabis sativa L.: relation to phenolic content and antioxidant capacities. Archives of Microbiology 203:4485−92

doi: 10.1007/s00203-021-02444-x
[32]

Devkota A, Sahu A. 2017. Assessment of phytochemical screening and antifungal activity of Parthenium hysterophrous L. Biological Forum – An International Journal 9:14−19

[33]

Farooq U, Nisar S, Merzaia AB, Azeem MW. 2017. Isolation of Bioactive components from Calotropis procera Plant Latex−a review. International Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Science 11:95−101

[34]

Saleem S, Muhammad G, Hussain MA, Altaf M, Bukhari SNA. 2020. Withania somnifera L.: insights into the phytochemical profile, therapeutic potential, clinical trials, and future prospective. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 23:1501−26

doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2020.44254.10378
[35]

Srivastav S, Singh P, Mishra G, Jha KK, Khosa RL. 2011. Achyranthes aspera-an important medicinal plant: a review. Journal of Natural Product Plant Resource 1:1−14

[36]

Riaz MU, Raza MA, Saeed A, Ahmed M, Hussain T. 2021. Variations in morphological characters and antioxidant potential of different plant parts of four Ziziphus Mill. species from the Cholistan. Plants 10:2734

doi: 10.3390/plants10122734
[37]

Alkooranee JT, Al-khshemawee HH, Kadhim Al-badri MA, Al-srai MS, Daweri HH. 2020. Antifungal activity and GC-MS detection of leaves and root parts of Chenopodium album extract against some phytopathogenic fungi. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research 54:117−21

doi: 10.18805/ijare.a-433
[38]

Gacem MA, Ould EHKA, Gacemi B, Halla N, Djerbaoui AN, et al. 2013. Antimycotoxigenic and antifungal activities of Citrullus colocynthis seeds against Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus ochraceus contaminating wheat stored. African Journal of Biotechnology 12:6222−31

doi: 10.5897/AJB2013.13163
[39]

Bashir S, Jabeen K, Iqbal S, Javed S, Naeem A. 2019. Lantana camara: phytochemical analysis and antifungal prospective. Planta Daninha 37:e019193526

doi: 10.1590/s0100-83582019370100137
[40]

Duraipandiyan V, Ignacimuthu S, Balakrishna K, AL-Harbi NA. 2012. Antimicrobial activity of Tinospora cordifolia: an ethnomedicinal plant. Asian Journal of Traditional Medicines 7:59−65

[41]

Žabka M, Pavela R, Kovaříková K, Tříska J, Vrchotová N, et al. 2021. Antifungal and insecticidal potential of the essential oil from Ocimum sanctum L. against dangerous fungal and insect species and its safety for non-target useful soil species Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826). Plants 10:2180

doi: 10.3390/plants10102180
[42]

Batish DR, Kaur M, Singh HP, Kohli RK. 2007. Phytotoxicity of a medicinal plant, Anisomeles indica, against Phalaris minor and its potential use as natural herbicide in wheat fields. Crop Protection 26:948−52

doi: 10.1016/j.cropro.2006.08.015
[43]

Khan ZUH, Khan S, Chen Y, Wan P. 2013. In vitro antimicrobial activity of the chemical constituents of Cirsium arvense (L). Scop. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 7:1894−98

[44]

Haruna Y, Ukamaka. 2018. Anti-microbial and anti-fungal activities of methanol extract of Argemone mexicana and its potential anti-hepatitis promises. Journal of Clinical Experimental Pharmacology 8:2161−59

doi: 10.4172/2161-1459.1000251
[45]

Nguyen CC, Nguyen TQC, Kanaori K, Binh TD, Dao XHT, et al. 2021. Antifungal activities of Ageratum conyzoides L. extract against rice pathogens Pyricularia oryzae Cavara and Rhizoctonia solani Kühn. Agriculture 11:1169

doi: 10.3390/agriculture11111169
[46]

Alka J, Padma K, Chitra J. 2012. Antifungal activity of flavonoids of Sida acuta Burm f. against Candida albicans. International Journal Drug Development Research 4:92−96

[47]

Abdullah S, Gobilik J. 2014. Antifungal phytochemical compounds of Cynodon dactylon and their effects on Ganoderma boninense. American-Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 8:22−28

[48]

Kanagavalli U, Sadiq AM. 2018. Isolation and characterization of bioactive compound anthraquinone from methanolic extract of Boerhavia diffusa linn. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8:332−37

doi: 10.22270/jddt.v8i5-s.1987
[49]

Haggag MW, Abou El Ella SM, Abouziena HF. 2017. Phytochemical analysis, antifungal, antimicrobial activities and application of Eichhornia crassipes against some plant pathogens. Planta Daninha 35:e17159560

doi: 10.1590/s0100-83582017350100026
[50]

Singh R, Upadhyay SK, Rani A, Kumar P, Sharma P, et al. 2020. Ethnobotanical study of weed flora at district ambala, Haryana, India: comprehensive medicinal and pharmacological aspects of plant resources. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 1:1−16

doi: 10.31838/ijpr/2020.SP1.223
[51]

Huong PTT, Trang DT, Thu VK, Mai NT, Nhiem NX, et al. 2021. Four new triterpene glycosides from the aerial parts of Chenopodium album and their cytotoxic activity. Phytochemistry Letters 44:7−13

doi: 10.1016/j.phytol.2021.05.004
[52]

Al Sulaibi MA, Thiemann C, Thiemann T. 2020. Chemical constituents and uses of Calotropis procera and Calotropis gigantea–a review (Part I–the plants as material and energy resources). Open Chemistry Journal 7:1−15

[53]

Meshram S, Bisht S, Gogoi R. 2022. Current development, application and constraints of biopesticides in plant disease management. In Biopesticides, eds. Rakshit A, Meena VS, Singh AK. Amsterdam: Elsevier. pp. 207−24 doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-823355-9.00004-3

[54]

Nichols V, Verhulst N, Cox R, Govaerts B. 2015. Weed dynamics and conservation agriculture principles: a review. Field Crops Research 183:56−68

doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2015.07.012
[55]

Hasan M, Ahmad-Hamdani MS, Rosli AM, Hamdan H. 2021. Bioherbicides: An eco-friendly tool for sustainable weed management. Plants 10:1212

doi: 10.3390/plants10061212
[56]

Vijay SA. 2017. Detection of antifungal potency of weed extract against phytopathogenic fungi. Doctoral dissertation. Department of Plant Pathology and Agricultural Microbiology Post Graduate Institure Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, Dist-Ahmednagar Maharashtra, India.

[57]

Chowdhary A, Singh R, Sharma A. 2017. Antifungal efficacy of Boerhavia diffusa against Candida albicans: an in vitro study. Journal of Ayurveda Integrative Medicine 8:17−20