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Barrie DS, 1989, PROPICK User's ManualCM Consultants, California.

Bowen J, Cornick TC and Bull SP, 1986, “BERT—an expert system for brickwork design” Working paper, University of Reading, Departments of Computer Science and Construction Management, 1986.

Brandon P, Basden A, Hamilton I and Stockley J, 1988. Expert Systems: the Strategic Planning of Construction Projects Quantity Surveyors Division of the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS), London.

Bremdal BA, 1988, An Investigation of Marine Installation Process—A Knowledge-Based Planning ApproachInstitute for Marine Prosjektering, Trondheim.

Brysland C and MacCallum KJ, 1988, “A knowledge-based assistant for the scheduling of subsea maintenance” in: Artificial Intelligence in Engineering: Robotics and ProcessesGero JS, ed, pp 311–329, Elsevier.

BRT (The Business Roundtable), 1982, Improving Construction Safety Performance: The User's Role Construction Industry Cost Effectiveness Report A–3, The Business Roundtable, New York.

Darwiche A, Levitt R and Hayes-Roth B, 1988, “OARPLAN: generating project plans in a blackboard system by reasoning about objects, actions and resources” Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing2 (3) 169–181.

De La Garza J and Ibbs C, 1989, “A knowledge elicitation study in the construction scheduling domain” To appear in the ASCE Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering.

Echeverry D, Ibbs C and Kim S, 1989, “Generation of construction schedules a knowledge-based approach” Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Automation and Robotics pp 220–227, San Francisco, California.

Finn GA, 1987, “An expert system for technical specifications” Stones and Webster Engineering Corporation, Boston, Massachusetts.

Finn GA and Reinschmidt KF, 1986, “Expert systems in an engineering-construction firm” in: Expert Systems in Civil EngineeringKostom C and Maher M, eds., ASCE.

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Hayes-Roth B, 1985, “A blackboard architecture for control” Artificial Intelligence26 (3) 251–321.

Hendrickson C, Martinelli D and Rehak D, 1987, “Hierarchical rule-based activity duration estimation” Journal of Construction Engineering and Management113 (2) 288–301.

Howard HC, Levitt RE, Paulson BC, Pohl JG and Tatum CB, 1989, “Computer-integrated design and construction: Reducing fragmentation in the AEC industry” Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering3 (1) 18–32.

Howard C and Rehak D, 1986, “Interfacing expert systems with multiple databases in an integrated CAE environment” First International Conference on Expert Database SystemsCarnegie-Mellon University.

Ito K, 1989, “Linking knowledge-based systems to CAD design data with an object-oriented building product model” TR # 17, Center for Integrated Facility Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.

Kartam NA, 1989, “Investigating the utility of artificial intelligence techniques for automatic generation of construction project plans” Ph D thesis, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California.

Kartam NA and Levitt RE, 1990, “Intelligent planning of construction projects” Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering4 (2).

Kartam NA, Levitt RE and Wilkins DE, 1990, “A centralized approach for representing and resolving interactions among multi-agent tasks while planning hierarchically” Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE Conference on Artificial Intelligence ApplicationsSanta Barbara, CA.

Kim M, Adams , and Harkleroard J, 1989, “A knowledge-based microcomputer training tool for contract claims” Proceedings of the Sixth Conference on Computing in Civil Engineering Barnwell, Thomas, Jr, ed., pp 67–75, ASCE.

Kraiem ZM, Dagli DP and Diekmann JE, 1989, “DISCON: an expert system for the analysis of differing site conditions claims” Knowledge-Based Systems Journal2 (3) 158–163.

Kunz J, Bonura T, Stelzner M and Levitt R, 1986, “Contingent analysis for project management using multiple worlds” Proceedings of the First International Conference on Applications of Artificial Intelligence to Engineering Problems Sriram, D and Adey, R, eds., pp 707–718, Southampton University.

Levitt RE, 1986, “HOWSAFE: a microcomputer-based expert system to evaluate the safety of a construction firm” In: Expert Systems in Civil EngineeringKostem C and Maher M, eds., ASCE.

Levitt Raymond E, 1987, “Expert systems in construction” in: Expert Systems for Civil EngineersMaher ML, ed., pp 85–112, ASCE.

Levitt RE, Kartam NA and Kunz JC, 1988, “Artificial intelligence techniques for generating construction project plans” Journal opf Construction Engineering and Management114 (3), pp 329–343, ASCE.

Levitt RE and Kunz JC, 1985, “Using knowledge of construction and project management for automated schedule updating” Project Management Journal16 (5).

Levitt RE, Samelson NM and Parker HW, 1981, “Improving construction safety performance: the user's role” T.R. 260, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California.

Logcher RD, Wang M and Chen FH, 1989, “Knowledge processing for construction management data base” Journal of Construction Engineering and Management115(2), pp 196–211, ASCE.

Marshall G, Barber TJ and Boardman JT, 1987, “Methodology for modelling a project management control environment” IEE Proceedings134 (4) 287–300.

Milne PH, 1986, “An expert system for road curve design and setting-out” Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Engineering Problems 1st International Conference, Southampton, UK, Sriram, D and Adey, R, ed, pp 733–74.

Navinchandra D, Sriram D and Logcher R, 1988, “GHOST: project network generator” Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering2 (3) 239–254.

Niwa K and Okuma M, 1982, “Know-how transfer method and its application to risk management for large construction projects” IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management29 (4).

Niwa K, 1986, “A knowledge-based human-compputer cooperative system for ill-structured management domains” IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics16 (3) 335–342.

Paulson BCJr, 1985, “Automation and robotics for construction” Journal of Construction Engineering and Management111 (3) 190–207.

Perng Y, 1988, “An intelligent system approach for construction risk identification” PhD thesis, Dept. of Civil Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Texas.

Rehak DR, 1985, “Robotic applications in construction: A white paper” in: New Research Directions in Computerized Applications to Construction Engineering and Management StudiesIbbs WC, ed., The University of Illinois, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Construction Research Series No. 19, pp 108–112.

Riitahuhta A, 1988, “Enhancement of the boiler design process by the use of expert system technology.” Dr. Tech. thesis, Acta Polytechnica Scandinavica, Mechanical Engineering Series No 92, Helsinki, Finland.

Sotoodeh-Khoo H and Paulson BCJr, 1989, “Sensors and expert systems in production optimization of earthmoving scrapers” Proceedings of the Sixth Conference on Computing in Civil Engineering Barnwell, Thomas, Jr, ed., pp 303–312, ASCE.

Stretton A, 1989, Personal communication with Alan Stretton of Lend Lease, the parent corporation of Civil and Civic.

Tommelein ID, Levitt RE and Hayes-Roth B, 1989, “SIGHTPLAN: an artificial intelligence tool to assist construction managers with site layout” Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction pp 340–347, San Francisco, California.

Wharry MB and Ashley DB, 1986, “Resolving subsurface risk in construction using an expert system” UTCEPM–86–1, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Texas at Austin, Texas.

Zozaya-Gorostiza C, Hendrickson C and Rehak D, 1989, A Knowledge-Based Process Planning for Construction and ManufacturingAcademic Press.