[1]

Mohebitabar S, Shirazi M, Bioos S, Rahimi R, Malekshahi F, et al. 2017. Therapeutic efficacy of rose oil: a comprehensive review of clinical evidence. Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine 7(3):206−213

doi: 10.22038/ajp.2016.7760
[2]

Shameh S, Hosseini B, Alirezalu A, Maleki R. 2018. Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of petals of six Rosa Species from Iran. Journal of AOAC International 101(6):1788−1793

doi: 10.5740/jaoacint.18-0111
[3]

Mileva M, Ilieva Y, Jovtchev G, Gateva S, Zaharieva MM, et al. 2021. Rose flowers—a delicate perfume or a natural healer? Biomolecules 11(1):127

doi: 10.3390/biom11010127
[4]

Charoimek N, Phusuwan S, Petcharak C, Huanhong K, Prasad SK, et al. 2023. Do abiotic stresses affect the aroma of damask roses? Plants 12(19):3428

doi: 10.3390/plants12193428
[5]

Ueyama Y, Hashimoto S, Nii H, Furukawa K. 1990. The essential oil from the flowers of Rosa rugosa Thunb. var. plena Regel. Flavour and Fragrance Journal 5(4):219−222

doi: 10.1002/ffj.2730050406
[6]

Flament I, Debonneville C, Furrer A. 1993. Volatile constituents of roses: characterization of cultivars based on the headspace analysis of living flower emissions. In Bioactive Volatile Compounds from Plants. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society. pp. 269−281 doi: 10.1021/bk-1993-0525.ch019

[7]

Dobreva A, Velcheva A, Bardarov V, Bardarov K. 2013. Chemical composition of different genotypes oil-bearing roses. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science 19(6):1213−1218

[8]

Cheng X, Feng Y, Chen D, Luo C, Yu X, et al. 2022. Evaluation of Rosa germplasm resources and analysis of floral fragrance components in R. Rugosa. Frontiers in Plant Science 13:1026763

doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1026763
[9]

Zhang L, Kou Y, Duan M, Wang X, Jia R, et al. 2024. Research progress on oil-bearing rose. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources 25(5):777−789 (in Chinese)

doi: 10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20231231002
[10]

Kovacheva N, Rusanov K, Atanassov I. 2010. Industrial cultivation of oil bearing rose and rose oil production in Bulgaria during 21st century, directions and challenges. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment 24(2):1793−1798

doi: 10.2478/V10133-010-0032-4
[11]

Dobreva A, Nedeltcheva-Antonova D. 2023. Comparative chemical profiling and citronellol enantiomers distribution of industrial-type rose oils produced in China. Molecules 28(3):1281

doi: 10.3390/molecules28031281
[12]

Antonova-Nedeltcheva D, Dobreva A, Gechovska K, Antonov L. 2025. Volatile compounds profiling of fresh R. alba L. blossom by headspace—solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography. Molecules 30(15):3102

doi: 10.3390/molecules30153102
[13]

Xu B, Feng M, Chitrakar B, Wei B, Wang B, et al. 2022. Selection of drying techniques for Pingyin rose on the basis of physicochemical properties and volatile compounds retention. Food Chemistry 385:132539

doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132539
[14]

Kang Y, Wu K, Sun J, Liu C, Su C, et al. 2022. Preparation of Kushui Rose (Rosa setate × Rosa rugosa) essential oil fractions by double molecular distillation: aroma and biological activities. Industrial Crops and Products 175:114230

doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.114230
[15]

Raka RN, Ding Z, Yuan Y, Qiao L, Suyeon P, et al. 2022. Pingyin rose essential oil alleviates LPS-Induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells via the NF-κB pathway: an integrated in vitro and network pharmacology analysis. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 22(1):272

doi: 10.1186/s12906-022-03748-1
[16]

Li X, Wu Q, Wang J, Wang C, Lu X, et al. 2025. Analysis of volatile organic compound diversity revealed the differentiation of scent traits and candidate genes for sweet-aroma formation in rose petals. Ornamental Plant Research 5:e042

doi: 10.48130/opr-0025-0040
[17]

Chen J, Zhu X, Zheng R, Tong Y, Peng Y, et al. 2024. Orchestrating of native Phalaenopsis flower scents lighted the way through artificial selective breeding partiality in the current resource utilization. Industrial Crops and Products 217:118850

doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2024.118850
[18]

Li Y, Bao T, Zhang J, Li H, Shan X, et al. 2025. The coordinated interaction or regulation between floral pigments and volatile organic compounds. Horticultural Plant Journal 11(2):463−485

doi: 10.1016/j.hpj.2024.01.002
[19]

Shen Y, Rao Y, Ma M, Li Y, He Y, et al. 2024. Coordination among flower pigments, scents and pollinators in ornamental plants. Horticulture Advances 2(1):6

doi: 10.1007/s44281-024-00029-4
[20]

Wang J, Liang Y, Chu Y, Feng L. 2023. BOX38, a DNA marker for selection of essential oil yield of Rosa × Rugosa. Biomolecules 13(3):439

doi: 10.3390/biom13030439
[21]

Wang H, Yao L, Song S, Wang H, Sun M, et al. 2024. Aroma release regularities of Rosa damascena from Xuancheng via HS-GC-IMS and P&T-GC–MS. Flavour and Fragrance Journal 39(3):146−157

doi: 10.1002/ffj.3776
[22]

Behnamnia S, Rahimmalek M, Haghighi M, Nikbakht A, Gharibi S, et al. 2024. Variation in flavonoid compounds, volatiles and yield related traits in different Iranian Rosa damascena Mill. cultivars based on SPME arrow and LC-MS/MS. Foods 13(5):668

doi: 10.3390/foods13050668
[23]

Lebkiri N, Diria G, Gaboun F, Saghir K, Iraqi D, et al. 2025. Assessing the volatile composition by GC/MS-MS and biological efficacy of Rosa damascena essential oil: examining its antimicrobial and antioxidant capabilities. Arabian Journal of Chemistry 19:1482025

doi: 10.25259/ajc_148_2025
[24]

Shang J, Feng D, Liu H, Niu L, Li R, et al. 2024. Evolution of the biosynthetic pathways of terpene scent compounds in roses. Current Biology 34(15):3550−3563.e8

doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.06.075
[25]

Li H, Li Y, Yan H, Bao T, Shan X, et al. 2024. The complexity of volatile terpene biosynthesis in roses: particular insights into β-citronellol production. Plant Physiology 196(3):1908−1922

doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiae444
[26]

Kiani HS, Noudehi MS, Shokrpour M, Zargar M, Naghavi MR. 2024. Investigation of genes involved in scent and color production in Rosa damascena Mill. Scientific Reports 14:20576

doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-71518-9
[27]

Xu C, Chen Y, Xie Q, Hu Z, Guo H, et al. 2025. Unveiling the genetic basis of floral scent formation in roses using weighted gene co-expression and protein-protein interaction network analyses. Scientific Reports 15:21902

doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-08137-5
[28]

Xie L, Bai X, Zhang H, Qiu X, Jian H, et al. 2023. Loss of rose fragrance under chilling stress is associated with changes in DNA methylation and volatile biosynthesis. Genes 14(3):692

doi: 10.3390/genes14030692
[29]

Wang H, Yao L, Cai R, Pan J, Chen X. 2012. Genetic relationship analyses of oil-bearing roses in China using matK sequences. Scientia Horticulturae 137:121−124

doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2012.01.026
[30]

van Den Dool , Dec. Kratz P. 1963. A generalization of the retention index system including linear temperature programmed gas-liquid partition chromatography. Journal of Chromatography A 11:463−471

doi: 10.1016/S0021-9673(01)80947-X
[31]

Zhou L, Yu C, Cheng B, Han Y, Luo L, et al. 2020. Studies on the volatile compounds in flower extracts of Rosa odorata and R. chinensis. Industrial Crops and Products 146:112143

doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112143
[32]

Zhou L, Yu C, Cheng B, Wan H, Luo L, et al. 2020. Volatile compound analysis and aroma evaluation of tea-scented roses in China. Industrial Crops and Products 155:112735

doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112735
[33]

Liang Y, Wang Z, Zhang L, Dai H, Wu W, et al. 2024. Characterization of volatile compounds and identification of key aroma compounds in different aroma types of Rougui Wuyi rock tea. Food Chemistry 455:139931

doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139931
[34]

Li T, Zhao X, Cao X. 2023. Volatile metabolome and aroma differences of six cultivars of Prunus mume blossoms. Plants 12(2):308

doi: 10.3390/plants12020308
[35]

Venkatesha KT, Gupta A, Rai AN, Jambhulkar SJ, Bisht R, et al. 2022. Recent developments, challenges, and opportunities in genetic improvement of essential oil-bearing rose (Rosa damascena): a review. Industrial Crops and Products 184:114984

doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2022.114984
[36]

Meng Z, Kou Y, Ge H, Liu R, Niu P, et al. 2023. Genetic analysis of floral scent components in rose variety 'Man Ting Fang Hua' and its parents. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources 24(6):1639−1648 (in Chinese)

doi: 10.13430/j.cnki.jpgr.20230517002