| [1] |
Tang GY, Meng X, Gan RY, Zhao CN, Liu Q, et al. 2019. Health functions and related molecular mechanisms of tea components: an update review. |
| [2] |
Yu P, Yeo AS, Low MY, Zhou W. 2014. Identifying key non-volatile compounds in ready-to-drink green tea and their impact on taste profile. |
| [3] |
Zhai X, Zhang L, Granvogl M, Ho CT, Wan X. 2022. Flavor of tea (Camellia sinensis): a review on odorants and analytical techniques. |
| [4] |
Qiao C, Xu B, Han Y, Wang J, Wang X, et al. 2018. Synthetic nitrogen fertilizers alter the soil chemistry, production and quality of tea. |
| [5] |
Chen Y, Wang F, Wu Z, Jiang F, Yu W, et al. 2021. Effects of long-term nitrogen fertilization on the formation of metabolites related to tea quality in subtropical China. |
| [6] |
Zhou B, Chen Y, Zeng L, Cui Y, Li J, et al. 2022. Soil nutrient deficiency decreases the postharvest quality-related metabolite contents of tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) leaves. |
| [7] |
Cheng Y, Wang J, Zhang JB, Müller C, Wang SQ. 2015. Mechanistic insights into the effects of N fertilizer application on N2O-emission pathways in acidic soil of a tea plantation. |
| [8] |
Yang XD, Ni K, Shi YZ, Yi XY, Zhang QF, et al. 2018. Effects of long-term nitrogen application on soil acidification and solution chemistry of a tea plantation in China. |
| [9] |
Deng WW, Ogita S, Ashihara H. 2010. Distribution and biosynthesis of theanine in Theaceae plants. |
| [10] |
Wan X. 2003. Tea biochemistry. 3rd Edition. Beijing: China Agriculture Press. pp. 39−107 (in Chinese) |
| [11] |
Zhu B, Guo J, Dong C, Li F, Qiao S, et al. 2021. CsAlaDC and CsTSI work coordinately to determine theanine biosynthesis in tea plants (Camellia sinensis L.) and confer high levels of theanine accumulation in a non-tea plant. |
| [12] |
Chen T, Lin S, Chen Z, Yang T, Zhang S, et al. 2023. Theanine, a tea-plant-specific non-proteinogenic amino acid, is involved in the regulation of lateral root development in response to nitrogen status. |
| [13] |
Guo J, Zhu B, Chen Y, Lin S, Qiao S, et al. 2022. Potential ‘accelerator’ and ‘brake’ regulation of theanine biosynthesis in tea plant (Camellia sinensis). |
| [14] |
Qiu Z, Liao J, Chen J, Li A, Lin M, et al. 2024. Comprehensive analysis of fresh tea (Camellia sinensis cv. Lingtou Dancong) leaf quality under different nitrogen fertilization regimes. |
| [15] |
Wang Y, Wang YM, Lu YT, Qiu QL, Fan DM, et al. 2021. Influence of different nitrogen sources on carbon and nitrogen metabolism and gene expression in tea plants (Camellia sinensis L.). |
| [16] |
Yang T, Li H, Tai Y, Dong C, Cheng X, et al. 2020. Transcriptional regulation of amino acid metabolism in response to nitrogen deficiency and nitrogen forms in tea plant root (Camellia sinensis L.). |
| [17] |
Ruan J, Haerdter R, Gerendás J. 2010. Impact of nitrogen supply on carbon/nitrogen allocation: a case study on amino acids and catechins in green tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] plants. |
| [18] |
Tang S, Fu H, Pan W, Zhou J, Xu M, et al. 2023. Improving tea (Camellia sinensis) quality, economic income, and environmental benefits by optimizing agronomic nitrogen efficiency: a synergistic strategy. |
| [19] |
Xie W, Chen W, Tang D, Tan X, Yang Y, et al. 2023. Revealing the inhibition of tea cultivar 'ziyan' root growth caused by high nitrogen based on physiological, metabolite, and transcriptome analyses. |
| [20] |
Wang Y, Cheng X, Yang T, Su Y, Lin S, et al. 2021. Nitrogen-regulated theanine and flavonoid biosynthesis in tea plant roots: protein-level regulation revealed by multiomics analyses. |
| [21] |
Liu ZW, Li H, Liu JX, Wang Y, Zhuang J. 2020. Integrative transcriptome, proteome, and microRNA analysis reveals the effects of nitrogen sufficiency and deficiency conditions on theanine metabolism in the tea plant (Camellia sinensis). |
| [22] |
Lin S, Zhang Y, Zhang S, Wei Y, Han M, et al. 2024. Root-specific theanine metabolism and regulation at the single-cell level in tea plants (Camellia sinensis). |
| [23] |
Chang M, Ma J, Sun Y, Tian L, Liu L, et al. 2023. γ-Glutamyl-transpeptidase CsGGT2 functions as light-activated theanine hydrolase in tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.). |
| [24] |
Fu X, Cheng S, Liao Y, Xu X, Wang X, et al. 2020. Characterization of l-theanine hydrolase in vitro and subcellular distribution of its specific product ethylamine in tea (Camellia sinensis). |
| [25] |
Chang M, Sun Y, Fang K, Fu M, Ma J, et al. 2024. CsMYB73 negatively regulates theanine accumulation mediated by CsGGT2 and CsGGT4 in tea shoots (Camellia sinensis). |
| [26] |
Yu S, Zhu M, Li P, Zuo H, Li J, et al. 2024. Dissection of the spatial dynamics of biosynthesis, transport, and turnover of major amino acids in tea plants (Camellia sinensis). |
| [27] |
Ruan L, Wei K, Wang L, Cheng H, Wu L, et al. 2019. Characteristics of free amino acids (the quality chemical components of tea) under spatial heterogeneity of different nitrogen forms in tea (Camellia sinensis) plants. |
| [28] |
Ruan J, Ma L, Yang Y. 2012. Magnesium nutrition on accumulation and transport of amino acids in tea plants. |
| [29] |
Zhang Q, Shi Y, Hu H, Shi Y, Tang D, et al. 2023. Magnesium promotes tea plant growth via enhanced glutamine synthetase-mediated nitrogen assimilation. |
| [30] |
Huang W, Lin M, Liao J, Li A, Tsewang W, et al. 2022. Effects of potassium deficiency on the growth of tea (Camellia sinensis) and strategies for optimizing potassium levels in soil: a critical review. |
| [31] |
Sun W. 2016. Study of soil potassium on the changes of amino acids and aroma components in tea leaves. Thesis. Anhui Agricultural University, China pp. 23 |
| [32] |
Dong C, Li F, Yang T, Feng L, Zhang S, et al. 2020. Theanine transporters identified in tea plants (Camellia sinensis L.). |
| [33] |
Li F, Li H, Dong C, Yang T, Zhang S, et al. 2020. Theanine transporters are involved in nitrogen deficiency response in tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.). |
| [34] |
Li F, Lv C, Zou Z, Duan Y, Zhou J, et al. 2022. CsAAP7.2 is involved in the uptake of amino acids from soil and the long-distance transport of theanine in tea plants (Camellia sinensis L.). |
| [35] |
Guo L, Zhang F, Cheng H, Wei K, Ruan L, et al. 2020. Molecular cloning and expression analysis of CsAAPs gene subfamily in Camellia sinensis. |
| [36] |
Han W, Ma J, Zhu B, Lin S, Dong C, et al. 2025. The mitochondrial carrier CsTHS1 acts as a gatekeeper of theanine accumulation in late-spring new shoots of tea plants. |
| [37] |
Zhang S, Lin S, Jin R, Zhang Y, Zhang X, et al. 2025. Cationic amino acid transporter 1 modulates amino acid distribution between stem and leaf in new shoots: a case study of theanine distribution in tea plants (Camellia sinensis). |
| [38] |
Khan N, Mukhtar H. 2007. Tea polyphenols for health promotion. |
| [39] |
Li H, Guo H, Luo Q, Wu DT, Zou L, et al. 2023. Current extraction, purification, and identification techniques of tea polyphenols: an updated review. |
| [40] |
Liu W, Feng Y, Yu S, Fan Z, Li X, et al. 2021. The flavonoid biosynthesis network in plants. |
| [41] |
Shen N, Wang T, Gan Q, Liu S, Wang L, et al. 2022. Plant flavonoids: Classification, distribution, biosynthesis, and antioxidant activity. |
| [42] |
Yi D, Zhang H, Lai B, Liu L, Pan X, et al. 2021. Integrative analysis of the coloring mechanism of red Longan pericarp through metabolome and transcriptome analyses. |
| [43] |
Liu Y, Wang P, Jiang X, Zhuang J, Gao L, Xia T. 2022. Research progress on the biosynthesis of monomeric and polymeric catechins in Camellia sinensis. |
| [44] |
Liu Y, Gao L, Liu L, Yang Q, Lu Z, et al. 2012. Purification and characterization of a novel galloyltransferase involved in catechin galloylation in the tea plant (Camellia sinensis). |
| [45] |
Yao S, Liu Y, Zhuang J, Zhao Y, Dai X, et al. 2022. Insights into acylation mechanisms: co-expression of serine carboxypeptidase-like acyltransferases and their non-catalytic companion paralogs. |
| [46] |
Fan K, Fan D, Ding Z, Su Y, Wang X. 2015. Cs-miR156 is involved in the nitrogen form regulation of catechins accumulation in tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.). |
| [47] |
Huang H, Yao Q, Xia E, Gao L. 2018. Metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses reveal nitrogen influences on the accumulation of flavonoids and amino acids in young shoots of tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.) associated with tea flavor. |
| [48] |
Wang F, Ge S, Xu X, Xing Y, Du X, et al. 2021. Multiomics analysis reveals new insights into the apple fruit quality decline under high nitrogen conditions. |
| [49] |
Jiang X, Huang K, Zheng G, Hou H, Wang P, et al. 2018. CsMYB5a and CsMYB5e from Camellia sinensis differentially regulate anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin biosynthesis. |
| [50] |
Wei K, Wang L, Zhang Y, Ruan L, Li H, et al. 2019. A coupled role for CsMYB75 and CsGSTF1 in anthocyanin hyperaccumulation in purple tea. |
| [51] |
Xu W, Dubos C, Lepiniec L. 2015. Transcriptional control of flavonoid biosynthesis by MYB–bHLH–WDR complexes. |
| [52] |
Yu S, Li P, Zhao X, Tan M, Ahmad MZ, et al. 2021. CsTCPs regulate shoot tip development and catechin biosynthesis in tea plant (Camellia sinensis). |
| [53] |
Zhao X, Li P, Zuo H, Peng A, Lin J, et al. 2023. CsMYBL2 homologs modulate the light and temperature stress-regulated anthocyanin and catechins biosynthesis in tea plants (Camellia sinensis). |
| [54] |
Han M, Lin S, Zhu B, Tong W, Xia E, et al. 2024. Dynamic DNA methylation regulates season-dependent secondary metabolism in the new shoots of tea plants. |
| [55] |
Li Z, Han Y, Li X, Zhao J, Wang N, et al. 2024. The phosphorylation of a WD40-repeat protein negatively regulates flavonoid biosynthesis in Camellia sinensis under drought stress. |
| [56] |
Liu J, Liu M, Fang H, Zhang Q, Ruan J. 2021. Accumulation of amino acids and flavonoids in young tea shoots is highly correlated with carbon and nitrogen metabolism in roots and mature leaves. |
| [57] |
Tang D, Liu MY, Zhang Q, Ma L, Shi Y, et al. 2020. Preferential assimilation of NH4+ over NO3− in tea plant associated with genes involved in nitrogen transportation, utilization and catechins biosynthesis. |
| [58] |
Dong F, Hu J, Shi Y, Liu M, Zhang Q, et al. 2019. Effects of nitrogen supply on flavonol glycoside biosynthesis and accumulation in tea leaves (Camellia sinensis). |
| [59] |
Xu YQ, Zhang YN, Chen JX, Wang F, Du QZ, et al. 2018. Quantitative analyses of the bitterness and astringency of catechins from green tea. |
| [60] |
Hua J, Wang H, Yuan H, Yin P, Wang J, et al. 2022. New insights into the effect of fermentation temperature and duration on catechins conversion and formation of tea pigments and theasinensins in black tea. |
| [61] |
Lu X, Lin Y, Tuo Y, Liu L, Du X, et al. 2023. Optimizing processing techniques of oolong tea balancing between high retention of catechins and sensory quality. |
| [62] |
Qu F, Zhu X, Ai Z, Ai Y, Qiu F, et al. 2019. Effect of different drying methods on the sensory quality and chemical components of black tea. |
| [63] |
Bag S, Mondal A, Majumder A, Banik A. 2022. Tea and its phytochemicals: Hidden health benefits & modulation of signaling cascade by phytochemicals. |
| [64] |
Ashihara H, Mizuno K, Yokota T, Crozier A. 2017. Xanthine alkaloids: occurrence, biosynthesis, and function in plants. In Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products 105, eds. Kinghorn AD, Falk H, Gibbons S, Kobayashi J. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. pp. 1−88 doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-49712-9_1 |
| [65] |
Kato M, Mizuno K, Fujimura T, Iwama M, Irie M, et al. 1999. Purification and characterization of caffeine synthase from tea Leaves1. |
| [66] |
Shangguan Y, Zhuang X, Querol X, Li B, Moreno N, et al. 2022. Characterization of deposited dust and its respirable fractions in underground coal mines: Implications for oxidative potential-driving species and source apportionment. |
| [67] |
Tang Q, Liu K, Yue C, Luo L, Zeng L, et al. 2023. CsXDH1 gene promotes caffeine catabolism induced by continuous strong light in tea plant. |
| [68] |
Ruan J, Gerendás J, Härdter R, Sattelmacher B. 2007. Effect of root zone pH and form and concentration of nitrogen on accumulation of quality-related components in green tea. |
| [69] |
Yang Y, Wang F, Wan Q, Ruan J. 2018. Transcriptome analysis using RNA-Seq revealed the effects of nitrogen form on major secondary metabolite biosynthesis in tea (Camellia sinensis) plants. |
| [70] |
Benti T, Debela A, Bekele Y, Suleman S. 2022. Influence of clone and nitrogen application level on quality of green tea in some selected tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) in Southwest Ethiopia. |
| [71] |
Cheng H, Wei K, Wang L. 2015. The impact of variety, environment and agricultural practices on catechins and caffeine in plucked tea leaves. In Processing and Impact on Active Components in Food. Preedy V, London: Academic Press. pp. 597–603. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-404699-3.00072-X |
| [72] |
Zhang J, Zhao C, Lv J, Qiu G, Tian H. 2025. Description of key aroma components of green tea and the influence of processing. |
| [73] |
Kang S, Yan H, Zhu Y, Liu X, Lv HP, et al. 2019. Identification and quantification of key odorants in the world’s four most famous black teas. |
| [74] |
Wang Z, Wang Z, Dai H, Wu S, Song B, et al. 2022. Identification of characteristic aroma and bacteria related to aroma evolution during long-term storage of compressed white tea. |
| [75] |
Pei Z, He G, Liu Y, Hu Y, Li M, et al. 2023. Characterization of the key aroma-active compounds responsible for the rice cruse-like aroma of large-leafed yellow tea (Camellia sinensis). |
| [76] |
Zhang M, Zhang Y, Lin Y, Wang Y, Zou J, et al. 2025. Aroma-driven differentiation of Wuyi Shuixian tea grades: the pivotal role of linalool revealed by OAV and multivariate analysis. |
| [77] |
Feng X, Chen M, Song H, Ma S, Ou C, et al. 2023. A systemic review on Liubao tea: a time-honored dark tea with distinctive raw materials, process techniques, chemical profiles, and biological activities. |
| [78] |
Liu MY, Burgos A, Ma L, Zhang Q, Tang D, et al. 2017. Lipidomics analysis unravels the effect of nitrogen fertilization on lipid metabolism in tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.). |
| [79] |
Yuan Z, Li Y, Han Y, Du J, Chen W, Li X. 2012. Effects of different nitrogen amounts and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium combination on the aroma components and its formation in tea shoots. |
| [80] |
Zhou Z, Liao H, Li H. 2023. The symbiotic mechanism of the influence of productive and transactional agricultural social services on the use of soil testing and formula fertilization technology by tea farmers. |
| [81] |
Liu Y, Zhuo Z, Shi C, Liu B, Xue J, et al. 2022. Scent of tea: metabonomic and ionomic basis of regional aroma of Wuyi rock tea. |
| [82] |
Huang D, Wang Y, Chen X, Wu J, Wang H, et al. 2022. Application of tea-specific fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer improves aroma of green tea. |
| [83] |
Li A, Qiu Z, Liao J, Chen J, Huang W, et al. 2024. The effects of nitrogen fertilizer on the aroma of fresh tea leaves from Camellia sinensis cv. Jin Xuan in summer and autumn. |
| [84] |
Ma L, Yang X, Shi Y, Yi X, Ji L, et al. 2021. Response of tea yield, quality and soil bacterial characteristics to long-term nitrogen fertilization in an eleven-year field experiment. |
| [85] |
Ni K, Liao W, Yi X, Niu S, Ma L, et al. 2019. Fertilization status and reduction potential in tea gardens of China. |
| [86] |
Wei K, Liu M, Shi Y, Zhang H, Ruan J, et al. 2022. Metabolomics reveal that the high application of phosphorus and potassium in tea plantation inhibited amino-acid accumulation but promoted metabolism of flavonoid. |
| [87] |
Zhang H, Li C, Wei K, Liu M, Shi Y, et al. 2023. The reduction of tea quality caused by irrational phosphate application is associated with anthocyanin metabolism. |
| [88] |
Xiang F, Zhou L, Liu H, Li W. 2022. Improving tea quality by balancing ROS and antioxidant system through appropriate ammonium nitrogen application. |
| [89] |
Cao Q, Yang G, Duan D, Chen L, Wang F, et al. 2022. Combining multispectral and hyperspectral data to estimate nitrogen status of tea plants (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) under field conditions. |
| [90] |
Wang Y, Hu X, Hou Z, Ning J, Zhang Z. 2018. Discrimination of nitrogen fertilizer levels of tea plant (Camellia sinensis) based on hyperspectral imaging. |
| [91] |
Ji C, Li S, Geng Y, Yuan Y, Zhi J, et al. 2020. Decreased N2O and NO emissions associated with stimulated denitrification following biochar amendment in subtropical tea plantations. |
| [92] |
Wang M, Cheng L, Huang C, Lyu Y, Zhang L, et al. 2024. Green intelligent fertilizers—a novel approach for aligning sustainable agriculture with green development. |
| [93] |
Xie S, Yang F, Feng H, Yu Z, Liu C, et al. 2021. Organic fertilizer reduced carbon and nitrogen in runoff and buffered soil acidification in tea plantations: Evidence in nutrient contents and isotope fractionations. |
| [94] |
Ye J, Wang Y, Wang Y, Hong L, Jia X, et al. 2022. Improvement of soil acidification in tea plantations by long-term use of organic fertilizers and its effect on tea yield and quality. |
| [95] |
Xin W, Zhang J, Yu Y, Tian Y, Li H, et al. 2024. Root microbiota of tea plants regulate nitrogen homeostasis and theanine synthesis to influence tea quality. |
| [96] |
Duan Y, Shen J, Zhang X, Wen B, Ma Y, et al. 2019. Effects of soybean–tea intercropping on soil-available nutrients and tea quality. |
| [97] |
Duan Y, Wang T, Zhang P, Zhao X, Jiang J, et al. 2024. The effect of intercropping leguminous green manure on theanine accumulation in the tea plant: a metagenomic analysis. |
| [98] |
Huang Z, Cui C, Cao Y, Dai J, Cheng X, et al. 2022. Tea plant–legume intercropping simultaneously improves soil fertility and tea quality by changing Bacillus species composition. |
| [99] |
Li D, Chen Q, Ouyang Q, Liu Z. 2025. Advances of Vis/NIRS and imaging techniques assisted by AI for tea processing. |
| [100] |
Fernandez JA, Habben JE, Schussler JR, Masek T, Weers B, et al. 2022. zmm28 transgenic maize increases both N uptake- and N utilization-efficiencies. |