Figures (6)  Tables (1)

    • Figure 1. 

      Effects of Epichloë endophyte and B. graminis treatments on the composition and proportion of cuticular wax of the leaves of A. inebrians. Note: E+: Epichloë endophyte-infected, E−: Epichloë endophyte-free, P+: pathogen-inoculated, P−: non-inoculated.

    • Figure 2. 

      Effects of Epichloë endophyte and B. graminis treatments on the total content of cuticular wax and the relative content of the wax compositions of the leaves of A. inebrians. Values are mean ± standard error (SE), with bars indicating SE. Columns with non-matching letters indicate a significant difference at p < 0.05.

    • Figure 3. 

      Venn diagrams of (a) up-regulated, and (b) down-regulated DEGs of the biosynthesis of leaves cuticular wax in A. inebrians under Epichloë endophyte and B. graminis treatments.

    • Figure 4. 

      KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs associated with cuticular wax biosynthesis in A. inebrians leaves in response to Epichloë endophyte and B. graminis treatments.

    • Figure 5. 

      GO functional-enrichment analysis of DEGs associated with the biosynthesis of leaves cuticular wax in A. inebrians under the Epichloë endophyte and B. graminis treatments.

    • Figure 6. 

      Modeling of cuticular wax biosynthesis pathway in A. inebrians under the Epichloë endophyte and B. graminis treatments. Color bars from green to red represent down- and up-regulation of transcriptional expression. Gene IDs are displayed.

    • Wax composition Treatment df F-value p-value
      Total content E 1 20.954 0.002
      P 1 78.062 < 0.001
      E × P 1 0.919 0.532
      Phenols E 1 2.855 0.130
      P 1 1.608 0.240
      E × P 1 0.034 0.859
      Hydrocarbons E 1 1.229 0.300
      P 1 2.932 0.125
      E × P 1 0.880 0.376
      Fatty acids E 1 0.013 0.911
      P 1 16.539 0.004
      E × P 1 0.002 0.966
      Ethers E 1 0.186 0.677
      P 1 5.800 0.043
      E × P 1 0.186 0.677
      Esters E 1 4.248 0.073
      P 1 15.751 0.004
      E × P 1 1.775 0.219
      Alcohols E 1 0.901 0.370
      P 1 2.254 0.172
      E × P 1 0.103 0.757
      The values in bold mean significant differences.

      Table 1. 

      Two-way ANOVA analysis the effects of Epichloë endophyte (E), and Blumeria graminis (P) treatments on the total content of cuticular wax, and the relative content of the wax compositions of the leaves of Achnatherum inebrians (n = 5).