-
Figure 1.
Phylogenetic tree of Diaporthe section Sojae inferred from a ML analysis based on a concatenated alignment of the ITS region, and partial cal, his3, tef1, and tub2 genes. The ML bootstrap support values (MLBS ≥ 70%) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP ≥ 0.70) are given at the nodes (MLBS/BPP). The studied strains are given in blue. The ex-type strains are marked with T. Purple lines indicate the boundaries of species complexes.
-
Figure 2.
Diaporthe convolvuli strain MF-SOR 61.20.1 at 10 days of growth. (a)–(c) Pure cultures: left half, front; right, reverse. (a) PSA. (b) ОА. (c) CZ. (d), (e), (g), (h) Pycnidia on ОА. (f) Pycnidia on OA aggregated in chains. (i) Conidiogenous cell. (j) Conidia on a conidiogenous cell. (k) Conidia. Scale bars: (d), (e) = 1 mm; (f) = 200 μm; (g)–(h) = 100 μm; and (i)–(k) = 10 μm.
-
Figure 3.
Pathogenicity of Diaporthe convolvuli on leaf segments of Convolvulus arvensis at 5 dpt. The first line in each set (Petri dish) contains the inoculated intact abaxial part of the leaf segments; the second line is the abaxial part wounded with a needle. Inoculation variants: (a) Inoculation with sterile water; (b) mycelial suspension of MF-SOR 61.20.1; (c) mycelial suspension of MF-SOR 61.20.2.
-
Figure 4.
Diameter of necrosis (mm) caused by Diaporthe convolvuli strains on Convolvulus arvensis leaf segments at 3, 5, and 7 dpt. Error bars represent standard errors of the means.
-
Diaporthe species Strain number ITS cal his3 tef1 tub2 D. acaciarum CBS 138862, t NR_137939 − KP004504 − KP004509 D. alpiniae CGMCC 3.28221, t PQ321210 PQ336555 PQ336573 PQ336519 PQ336537 D. amaranthophila MAFF: 246900, t LC459575 LC459583 LC459581 LC459577 LC459579 D. ambigua CBS 114015, t KC343010 KC343252 KC343494 KC343736 KC343978 D. angelicae CBS 111592; AR3724, t KC343027 KC343269 KC343511 KC343753 KC343995 D. arctii CBS 139280, t KJ590736 KJ612133 KJ659218 KJ590776 KJ610891 D. arezzoensis MFLU: 19-2880 MT185503 − − MT454019 MT454055 D. atlantica CECT 21217; SP11, t ON159893 ON364019 ON398810 ON398831 ON364040 D. batatas CBS 122.21 KC343040 KC343282 KC343524 KC343766 KC344008 D. beilharziae BRIP 54792 JX862529 − − JX862535 KF170921 D. berteroae BRIP 57900a, t OR019752 − − OR039642 OR039649 D. betae HMPHU 3001; HHL19101101S2D1, t MW882216 MW882219 MW882225 MW882222 MW882228 D. biguttulata CFCC 52584, t MH121519 MH121437 MH121477 MH121561 MH121598 D. brasiliensis CBS 133183, t KC343042 KC343284 KC343526 KC343768 KC344010 D. breyniae CBS 148910, t ON400846 ON409189 ON409187 ON409188 ON409186 D. brideliae CBS 148911, t OR348649 OR468837 OR468807 OR468817 OR468827 D. brumptoniae BRIP 59403a, t OM918702 − − OM960611 OM960629 D. butterlyi BRIP 59194a, t OR019753 − − OR039643 OR039650 D. caatingaensis CBS 141542, t KY085927 − − KY115603 KY115600 D. cameroonensis CBS 148913, t OR348650 OR468836 OR468806 OR468816 OR468826 D. camporesii JZB320143 − − − MN984254 MN561316 D. caryae CFCC 52563, t MH121498 MH121422 MH121458 MH121540 MH121580 D. cerradensis CMRP 4331, t MN173198 MW751655 MW751663 MT311685 MW751671 D. cha SAUCC 1562, t MT199863 MT366912 MT376714 MT376682 MT376652 D. chinensis MFLUCC 19-0101, t NR_172435 MW294199 − MW205017 MW245013 D. chiangraiensis MFLUCC 17-1669, t MF190119 − − MF377598 − D. chimonanthi SCHM 3614, t AY622993 − − − − D. cichorii MFLUCC 17-1023, t KY964220 KY964133 − KY964176 KY964104 D. cinnamomi CFCC 52569, t MH121504 − MH121464 MH121546 MH121586 D. citriasiana ZJUD 30, t JQ954645 KC357491 KJ490515 JQ954663 KC357459 D. convolvuli CBS 124654, t KC343054 KC343296 KC343538 KC343780 KC344022 D. convolvuli FAU649 KJ590721 KJ612130 KJ659210 KJ590765 − D. convolvuli MF-SOR 61.20.1 PX567840 PX585096 PX585101 PX585106 PX585111 D. convolvuli MF-SOR 61.20.2 PX567841 PX585097 PX585102 PX585107 PX585112 D. coracoralinae FCCUFG 38; URM 8912, t PP192078 PP408214 PP421133 PP430449 PP402241 D. cucurbitae DAOM 42078, t KM453210 − KM453212 KM453211 KP118848 D. cuppatae CBS 117499, t KC343057 KC343299 KC343541 KC343783 KC344025 D. cyatheae YMJ 1364, t JX570889 KC465410 − KC465406 KC465403 D. cylindriformispora MFLU 18-2292, t NR_191275 − − OR140382 OR189510 D. desmotis CGMCC 3.28203, t PQ321216 PQ336561 PQ336579 PQ336525 PQ336543 D. destruens ZJUPD02 KP990617 − KP990637 KP990647 KP990627 D. discoidspora CGMCC 3.17255; ZJUD 89, t KJ490622 − KJ490564 KJ490501 KJ490443 D. elaeagni-confertae SAUCC 194.47, t MT822575 MT855656 MT855544 MT855888 MT855772 D. eleutherrhenae 01, t OK017069 − − OK017070 OK017071 D. elizabethblackwelliae BRIP 74769a, t OR290128 − − OR335747 OR352596 D. fici-macrocarpae SAUCC 0412, t PQ321225 PQ336570 PQ336588 PQ336534 PQ336552 D. fici-septicae MFLUCC 20-0178; KUMCC 19-0151, t MW114348 − − MW192211 MW148268 D. fohaiensis SAUCC 194.113, t MT822641 MT855720 MT855608 MT855953 MT855838 D. foliorum CMRP1321, t MT576688 MT584341 MT584338 MT584310 MT584327 D. ganjae CBS 180.91, t KC343112 KC343354 KC343596 KC343838 KC344080 D. goulteri BRIP 55657a, t KJ197290 − − KJ197252 KJ197270 D. griceae BRIP 67014a, t OM918694 − − OM960603 OM960621 D. guangzhouensis CFCC 58151, t PP864725 PP938609 PP938613 PP938601 PP938605 D. gulyae BRIP 54025, t NR111615 − − JN645803 KJ197271 D. gulyae MF-Ha17-043 MK024253 MZ671933 MZ671961 MK039421 MK033489 D. guttulata CGMCC 3.20100, t MT385950 MW022470 MW022491 MT424685 MT424705 D. hazeniae BRIP 75103a, t OR122283 − − OR135527 OR135528 D. helianthi CBS 592.81, t KC343115 KC343356 KC343598 KC343841 KC344083 D. hordei CBS 481.92 KC343120 KC343362 KC343604 KC343846 KC344088 D. iberica CECT 21218; TH77, t ON159902 ON364028 ON398819 ON398841 ON364049 D. infecunda CBS 133812, t KC343126 KC343368 KC343610 KC343852 KC344094 D. infertilis CBS 230.52, t KC343052 KC343294 KC343536 KC343778 KC344020 D. jazanensis PPDU28R, t OQ586408 − − OR137582 OR137586 D. juglandigena GUCC 422.16, t OP581229 − − OP688534 OP688559 D. kyushuensis ch-D-1, t AB302250 − − − − D. leucospermi CBS 111980 JN712460 KY435663 KY435653 KY435632 KY435673 D. longicolla FAU 599, t KJ590728 KJ612124 KJ659188 KJ590767 KJ610883 D. longispora CBS 194.36, t KC343135 KC343377 KC343619 KC343861 KC344103 D. lusitanicae CBS 123212 KC343136 KC343378 KC343620 KC343862 KC344104 D. machili SAUCC 194.111, t MT822639 MT855718 MT855606 MT855951 MT855836 D. mayteni CBS 133185, t KC343139 KC343381 KC343623 KC343865 KC344107 D. megalospora CBS 143.27 KC343140 KC343382 KC343624 KC343866 KC344108 D. melongenicola CGMCC 3.27978, t PQ321221 PQ336566 PQ336584 PQ336530 PQ336548 D. melonis CBS 507.78, t KC343142 KC343384 KC343626 KC343868 KC344110 D. middletonii BRIP 54884e, t KJ197286 − − KJ197248 KJ197266 D. minusculata CGMCC 3.20098, t MT385957 MW022475 MW022499 MT424692 MT424712 D. monetii MF-Ha18-049, t MW008494 MZ671939 MZ671965 MW008516 MW008505 D. moorei BRIP 61500b, t OR019755 − − OR039645 OR039652 D. morindendophytica ZHKUCC 22-0069, t ON322897 − ON315027 ON315054 ON315087 D. moriniae BRIP 60190a, t OM918698 − − OM960607 OM960625 D. myracrodruonis URM 7972, t NR_163320 MK205290 − MK213408 MK205291 D. neoarctii CBS 109490, t KC343145 KC343387 KC343629 KC343871 KC344113 D. novem CBS 127270, t KC343156 KC343398 KC343640 KC343882 KC344124 D. nepheliicola MFLU 23-0067, t PP915805 PP911610 − PP911611 PP911608 D. orixiae KUNCC 21–10714; HKAS 121465, t OK283041 OK484485 OK484486 OK432279 OK432278 D. ovalispora CGMCC 3.17256; ZJUD 93 KJ490628 − KJ490570 KJ490507 KJ490449 D. oxe CBS 133186, t KC343164 KC343406 KC343648 KC343890 KC344132 D. pachirae CDA 728, t MG559537 MG559535 − MG559539 MG559541 D. paranensis CBS 133184, t KC343171 KC343413 KC343655 KC343897 KC344139 D. passiflorae GZCC 22-0014 OP056703 − OP150773 OP150542 OP150620 D. passiflorae CBS 132527, t JX069860 − KY435654 − − D. pedratalhadensis FCCUFG 48; URM 8304, t PP192073 − PP421129 PP430438 PP402232 D. phaseolorum AR4203; CBS 139281, t KJ590738 KJ612135 KJ659220 KJ590739 KJ610893 D. pseudobiguttulata CGMCC 3.17248; ZJUD 47, t KJ490582 − KJ490524 KJ490461 KJ490403 D. pseudofoliicola HNCM045, t OR647680 − OR671932 OR671940 OR671948 D. pygmaeae CDP 1370, t PP577992 PP579348 − PP579317 PP579332 D. quercicola CSUFTCC104, t ON076567 ON081670 ON081667 ON081659 − D. racemosae CPC 26646 MG600223 MG600219 MG600221 MG600225 MG600227 D. raonikayaporum CBS 133182, t KC343188 KC343430 KC343672 KC343914 KC344156 D. rizhaoensis CFCC 57562, t OP955930 OP959782 OP959785 OP959767 OP959773 D. rosae MFLUCC 17-2658, t NR_172401 MG829273 − − MG843878 D. rosiphthora COAD 2914 MT311197 MT313691 − MT313693 − D. sackstonii BRIP 54669b, t KJ197287 − − KJ197249 KJ197267 D. schini CBS 133181, t KC343191 KC343433 KC343675 KC343917 KC344159 D. schoeni MFLU 15-1279, t KY964226 KY964139 − KY964182 KY964109 D. sclerotioides CBS 296.67, t KC343193 KC343435 KC343677 KC343919 KC344161 D. serafiniae BRIP 54136, t KJ197273 − − KJ197235 KJ197253 D. shawiae BRIP 64534a, t OM918701 − − OM960610 OM960628 D. siamensis MFLUCC 10_0573a JQ619879 − − JX275393 JX275429 D. sojae FAU635; CBS 139282, t KJ590719 KJ612116 KJ659208 KJ590762 KJ610875 D. stewartii CBS 193.36 FJ889448 JX197415 − GQ250324 JX275421 D. submersa CGMCC 3.24297; GZCC 19-0129, t OP056717 OP150710 OP150786 OP150556 OP150633 D. subordinaria CBS 464.90, t KC343214 KC343456 KC343698 KC343940 KC344182 D. talong MCC-MNH 2727, t OQ123545 − − OR943637 OR943674 D. tarchonanthi CBS 146073 MT223794 − MT223759 − MT223733 D. tecomae CBS 100547 KC343215 KC343457 KC343699 KC343941 KC344183 D. tectonendophytica MFLUCC 13-0471 KU712439 KU749354 − KU749367 KU743986 D. terebinthifolii CBS 133180, t KC343216 KC343458 KC343700 KC343942 KC344184 D. thunbergiicola MFLUCC 12–0033, t KP715097 − − KP715098 − D. trevorrowii BRIP 70737a, t OM918703 − − OM960612 OM960630 D. tulliensis BRIP 62248a, t KR936130 − − KR936133 KR936132 D. ueckerae FAU 656, t KJ590726 KJ612122 KJ659215 KJ590747 KJ610881 D. unshiuensis ZJUD50, t KJ490585 − KJ490527 KJ490464 KJ490406 D. vangoghii MF-Ha18-046, t MW008492 MZ671937 MZ671963 MW008514 MW008503 D. vargemgrandensis FCCUFG 58; URM 8784, t PP192069 PP421068 PP421135 PP430456 PP421092 D. vexans CBS 127.14, t KC343229 KC343471 KC343713 KC343955 KC344197 D. vochysiae LGMF1583, t MG976391 MK007528 MK033323 MK007526 MK007527 D. yunnanensis CGMCC 3.18289; LC6168, t KX986796 KX999290 KX999267 KX999188 KX999228 Diaporthella corylina CBS 121124, t KC343004 KC343246 KC343488 KC343730 KC343972 The studied Diaporthe strains are indicated in bold. t, the ex-type strain. Acronyms of culture collection: AR: isolates in culture collection of Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory; BRIP: Plant Pathology Herbarium, Department of Employment, Economic, Development and Innovation, Queensland, Australia; CBS: Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands; CDP: culture collection of D.S. Pereira, housed at the Lab Bugworkers | M&B-BioISI | Tec Labs – Innovation Centre, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; CECT: Spanish Type Culture Collection at University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; CFCC: China Forestry Culture Collection Center, Beijing, China; CMRP: Microbiological Collections of Paraná Network, Paraná, Brazil; COAD: Coleção Octávio Almeida Drummond, Universidade Ferderal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil; CPC : Culture collection of Pedro Crous in Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands; CSUFTCC: Central South University of Forestry and Technology Culture Collection, Hunan, China; DAOM: Canadian Collection of Fungal Cultures, Ottawa, Canada; FAU: Florida Atlantic University, Biological Sciences Department, Davie, Florida, USA; FCCUFG: Coleção de Culturas de Fungos da Universidade Federal de Goiás, Laboratório de Micologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública (IPTSP), Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil; GUCC: Culture Collection at the Department of Plant Pathology, Agriculture College, Guizhou University, China; GZCC: Guizhou culture collection, Guiyang, China; CGMCC: China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, Beijing, China; HMPHU: Herbarium of Microbiology and Phytopathology, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China; HUMCC: Heilongjiang University Microbiological Culture Collection Centre, Harbin, China; JZB: Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Culture Collection, China; KUNCC: Kunming Institute of Botany Culture Collection, Kunming, China; LC: Personal Culture Collection Lei Cai, State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China; LGMF: Culture collection of Laboratory of Genetics of Microorganisms, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil; MAFF: MAFF Genebank Project, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tsukuba, Japan; MF: collection of pure cultures of A. A. Jaczewskii Laboratory of mycology and phytopathology of All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Saint Petersburg, Russia; MFLUCC: Mae Fah Luang University Culture Collection, Chiang Rai, Thailand; MFLU: Herbarium of Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand; SAUCC: Shandong Agricultural University Culture Collection, Shandong, China; SCHM: Mycological Herbarium of South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; ZHKUCC: culture collection of Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China; ZJUD, ZJUPD: Diaporthe strains deposited in Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China. Table 1.
GenBank accession numbers of the Diaporthe section Sojae strains included in the study.
Figures
(4)
Tables
(1)