[1]

Mishra V, Mishra J, Arora NK. 2024. Bioactive Microbial Metabolites. Cambridge, MA: Academic Press. doi: 10.1016/C2022-0-00301-9

[2]

Singh R, Kumar M, Mittal A, Mehta PK. 2017. Microbial metabolites in nutrition, healthcare and agriculture. 3 Biotech 7:15

doi: 10.1007/s13205-016-0586-4
[3]

Lofgren LA, Stajich JE. 2021. Fungal biodiversity and conservation mycology in light of new technology, big data, and changing attitudes. Current Biology 31:R1312−R1325

doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.06.083
[4]

Bills GF, Gloer JB. 2016. Biologically active secondary metabolites from the fungi. Microbiology Spectrum 4:10.1128/microbiolspec.funk-0009-2016

doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.funk-0009-2016
[5]

Hashem AH, Attia MS, Kandil EK, Fawzi MM, Abdelrahman AS, et al. 2023. Bioactive compounds and biomedical applications of endophytic fungi: a recent review. Microbial Cell Factories 22:107

doi: 10.1186/s12934-023-02118-x
[6]

Wadhwa K, Kapoor N, Kaur H, Abu-Seer EA, Tariq M, et al. 2024. A comprehensive review of the diversity of fungal secondary metabolites and their emerging applications in healthcare and environment. Mycobiology 52:335−387

doi: 10.1080/12298093.2024.2416736
[7]

Salam MA, Al-Amin MY, Salam MT, Pawar JS, Akhter N, et al. 2023. Antimicrobial resistance: a growing serious threat for global public health. Healthcare 11:1946

doi: 10.3390/healthcare11131946
[8]

Shi Y, Ji M, Dong J, Shi D, Wang Y, et al. 2024. New bioactive secondary metabolites from fungi: 2023. Mycology 15:283−321

doi: 10.1080/21501203.2024.2354302
[9]

Zhang QW, Lin LG, Ye WC. 2018. Techniques for extraction and isolation of natural products: a comprehensive review. Chinese Medicine 13:20

doi: 10.1186/s13020-018-0177-x
[10]

Monkai J, Chukeatirote E, Chamyuang S, Synytsya A, Ruml T, et al. 2013. Antimicrobial activity of some saprobic fungi isolated from Magnolia liliifera and Cinnamomum iners leaves. Mycology 4:82−84

doi: 10.1080/21501203.2013.801044
[11]

Nickles G, Ludwikoski I, Bok JW, Keller NP. 2021. Comprehensive guide to extracting and expressing fungal secondary metabolites with Aspergillus fumigatus as a case study. Current Protocols 1:e321

doi: 10.1002/cpz1.321
[12]

Guillén MD, Cabo N. 1997. Infrared spectroscopy in the study of edible oils and fats. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 75:1−11

doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199709)75:1<1::AID-JSFA842>3.0.CO;2-R
[13]

Vlachos N, Skopelitis Y, Psaroudaki M, Konstantinidou V, Chatzilazarou A, et al. 2006. Applications of Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy to edible oils. Analytica Chimica Acta 573–574:459−465

doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.05.034
[14]

Isenor M, Kaminskyj SGW, Rodriguez RJ, Redman RS, Gough KM. 2010. Characterization of mannitol in Curvularia protuberata hyphae by FTIR and Raman spectromicroscopy. Analyst 135:3249−3254

doi: 10.1039/c0an00534g
[15]

Solomon PS, Waters ODC, Oliver RP. 2007. Decoding the mannitol enigma in filamentous fungi. Trends in Microbiology 15:257−262

doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2007.04.002
[16]

Voegele RT, Hahn M, Lohaus G, Link T, Heiser I, et al. 2005. Possible roles for mannitol and mannitol dehydrogenase in the biotrophic plant pathogen Uromyces fabae. Plant Physiology 137:190−198

doi: 10.1104/pp.104.051839
[17]

Barros L, Baptista P, Correia DM, Sá Morais J, Ferreira ICFR. 2007. Effects of conservation treatment and cooking on the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Portuguese wild edible mushrooms. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 55:4781−4788

doi: 10.1021/jf070407o
[18]

Ruijter GJG, Bax M, Patel H, Flitter SJ, van de Vondervoort PJI, et al. 2003. Mannitol is required for stress tolerance in Aspergillus niger conidiospores. Eukaryotic Cell 2:690−698

doi: 10.1128/EC.2.4.690-698.2003
[19]

Hinson HE, Stein D, Sheth KN. 2013. Hypertonic saline and mannitol therapy in critical care neurology. Journal of Intensive Care Medicine 28:3−11

doi: 10.1177/0885066611400688
[20]

Shawkat H, Westwood MM, Mortimer A. 2012. Mannitol: a review of its clinical uses. Continuing Education in Anaesthesia Critical Care & Pain 12:82−85

doi: 10.1093/bjaceaccp/mkr063
[21]

Kac̆uráková M, Capek P, Sasinková V, Wellner N, Ebringerová A. 2000. FT-IR study of plant cell wall model compounds: pectic polysaccharides and hemicelluloses. Carbohydrate Polymers 43:195−203

doi: 10.1016/s0144-8617(00)00151-x
[22]

Mohaček-Grošev V, Božac R, Puppels GJ. 2001. Vibrational spectroscopic characterization of wild growing mushrooms and toadstools. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 57:2815−2829

doi: 10.1016/S1386-1425(01)00584-4
[23]

Szekeres A, Leitgeb B, Kredics L, Antal Z, Hatvani L, et al. 2005. Peptaibols and related peptaibiotics of Trichoderma: a review. Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica 52:137−168

doi: 10.1556/AMicr.52.2005.2.2
[24]

Gomba GK, Synytsya A, Švecová P, Coimbra MA, Čopíková J. 2015. Distinction of fungal polysaccharides by N/C ratio and mid infrared spectroscopy. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 80:271−281

doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.05.059
[25]

Synytsya A, Míčková K, Synytsya A, Jablonský I, Spěváček J, et al. 2009. Glucans from fruit bodies of cultivated mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus eryngii: structure and potential prebiotic activity. Carbohydrate Polymers 76:548−556

doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.11.021
[26]

Reino JL, Guerrero RF, Hernández-Galán R, Collado IG. 2008. Secondary metabolites from species of the biocontrol agent Trichoderma. Phytochemistry Reviews 7:89−123

doi: 10.1007/s11101-006-9032-2
[27]

Molnár I, Gibson DM, Krasnoff SB. 2010. Secondary metabolites from entomopathogenic Hypocrealean fungi. Natural Product Reports 27:1241−1275

doi: 10.1039/c001459c
[28]

Xing M, Zhao J, Zhang J, Wu Y, Khan RAA, et al. 2023. 6-Pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one from Trichoderma erinaceum is fungicidal against litchi downy blight pathogen Peronophythora litchii and preservation of litchi. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 71:19488−19500

doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03872
[29]

SpectraBase. 2025. Viridofungin A [13C NMR] spectrum. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. https://spectrabase.com/compound/FcNbLeVtaj (accessed 14 November 2025)

[30]

Blumenthal CZ. 2004. Production of toxic metabolites in Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae, and Trichoderma reesei: justification of mycotoxin testing in food grade enzyme preparations derived from the three fungi. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 39:214−228

doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2003.09.002
[31]

Park SC, Yoo NC, Kim JY, Park HK, Chae BJ, et al. 2008. Isolation and characterization of an extracellular antimicrobial protein from Aspergillus oryzae. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 56:9647−9652

doi: 10.1021/jf802373h
[32]

Qiao MF, Ji NY, Liu XH, Li K, Zhu QM, et al. 2010. Indoloditerpenes from an algicolous isolate of Aspergillus oryzae. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 20:5677−5680

doi: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.08.024
[33]

Fehlhaber HW, Geipel R, Mercker HJ, Tschesche R, Welmar K, et al. 1974. Botrydial, ein Sesquiterpen-Antibiotikum aus der Nährlösung des Pilzes Botrytis cinerea. Chemische Berichte 107:1720−1730

doi: 10.1002/cber.19741070530
[34]

Kimura Y, Fujioka H, Nakajima H, Hamasaki T, Irie M, et al. 1986. Isolation, x-ray structure and biological activity of deacetyldihydrobotrydial produced by Botrytis squamosa. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 50:2123−2125

doi: 10.1271/bbb1961.50.2123
[35]

Jarvis BB. 2003. Stachybotrys chartarum: a fungus for our time. Phytochemistry 64:53−60

doi: 10.1016/S0031-9422(03)00275-9
[36]

Toledo AV, Virla E, Humber RA, Paradell SL, Lopez-Lastra CCL. 2006. First record of Clonostachys rosea (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) as an entomopathogenic fungus of Oncometopia tucumana and Sonesimia grossa (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in Argentina. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 92:7−10

doi: 10.1016/j.jip.2005.10.005
[37]

Yu H, Sutton JC. 1997. Morphological development and interactions of Gliocladium roseum and Botrytis cinerea in raspberry. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology 19:237−246

doi: 10.1080/07060669709500518
[38]

Rodríguez MA, Cabrera G, Gozzo FC, Eberlin MN, Godeas A. 2011. Clonostachys rosea BAFC3874 as a Sclerotinia sclerotiorum antagonist: mechanisms involved and potential as a biocontrol agent. Journal of Applied Microbiology 110:1177−1186

doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.04970.x
[39]

Nozawa Y, Yamamoto K, Ito M, Sakai N, Mizoue K, et al. 1997. Stachybotrin C and parvisporin, novel neuritogenic compounds. I. Taxonomy, isolation, physico-chemical and biological properties. The Journal of Antibiotics 50:635−640

doi: 10.7164/antibiotics.50.635
[40]

Zhang H, Tomodai H, Tabata N, Miura H, Namikoshi M, et al. 2001. Cladospolide D, a new 12-membered macrolide antibiotic produced by Cladosporium sp. FT-0012. The Journal of Antibiotics 54:635−641

doi: 10.7164/antibiotics.54.635
[41]

Gamboa-Angulo M, de la Rosa-Garcia SC, Heredia-Abarca G, Medina-Baizabal IL. 2012. Antimicrobial screening of tropical microfungi isolated from sinkholes located in the Yucatan peninsula, Mexico. African Journal of Microbiology Research 6:2305−2312

doi: 10.5897/ajmr11.1129
[42]

Rukachaisirikul V, Kaewbumrung C, Phongpaichit S, Hajiwangoh Z. 2005. Eudesmane sesquiterpenes from the aquatic fungus Beltrania rhombica. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 53:238−240

doi: 10.1248/cpb.53.238
[43]

Harris GH, Turner Jones ET, Meinz MS, Nallin-Omstead M, Helms GL, et al. 1993. Isolation and structure elucidation of viridiofungins A, B and C. Tetrahedron Letters 34:5235−5238

doi: 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)73961-X
[44]

Kishimoto N, Sugihara S, Mochida K, Fujita T. 2005. In vitro antifungal and antiviral activities of γ- and δ-lactone analogs utilized as food flavoring. Biocontrol Science 10:31−36

doi: 10.4265/bio.10.31