Search
  • All Journals
Advanced Search
Search articles by Title, Author, Keywords, DOI
3.9CiteScore
1.3Impact Factor
Advanced Search
MAP  >  The Knowledge Engineering Review
1990 Volume 5
Article Contents
Next Previous
RESEARCH ARTICLE   Open Access    

AI applications in process design, operation and safety

More Information
  • Abstract: This review provides an overview of the present state of the art in applying AI techniques to the work of Chemical and Process Engineers. Such work is described, where necessary, in order to make this paper understandable to an audience outside the process engineering community.The first section discusses the nature of chemical engineering design and draws the important distinction between process design and plant design. The complete design cycle is covered a stage at a time and AI applications and issues identified. The section finishes with a discussion of integrated or concurrent design, which is the ultimate aim of much current research.The second section discusses AI applications in process operation. This covers process monitoring, alarm processing and fault diagnosis.The third section discusses, in some depth, design stage loss prevention, that is the design of plants to be safe and reliable. Safety is an integral part of design, but the inclusion of a separate section is appropriate as the qualitative and judgemental nature of many safety related problems has encouraged the use of AI techniques. Applications of AI planning to the problem of automatic operating procedure synthesis and applications of qualitative simulation to chemical engineering problems are also discussed in this section.
  • 加载中
  • Andow PK, 1988, “The use of expert systems to improve process safety” Proceedings of I. Mech. E. One Day Symposium on AI Applications in the Process IndustriesManchester.

    Google Scholar

    Andow PK and Galluzzo M, 1987, “Process plant safety and artificial intelligence” Proceedings of CEF-87 (The Use of Computers in Chemical Engineering).

    Google Scholar

    Galluzzo M and Andow PK, 1987, “Expert systems in chemical engineering” Proceedings of CEF-87 (The Use of Computers in Chemical Engineering).

    Google Scholar

    Andow PK and Lees FP, 1975, “Process computer alarm analysis: Outline of a method based on list processing” Trans. Instn Chem. Engrs.

    Google Scholar

    Baker-Counsell J.1985b, “Flowmeter selection: Expert help is on its way” Process Eng.66 (10) 71–73.

    Google Scholar

    Banares-Alcantara R, Ko EI, Westerberg AW and Rychener MD, 1988, “DECADE—A hybrid expert system for catalyst selection—2. Final architecture and results” Computers and Chemical Engineering vol. 12 (9/10) pp 923–938, Pergamon Press.

    Google Scholar

    Banares-Alcantara R, Westerberg AW, Ko EI and Rychener MD, 1987, “DECADE: a Hybrid Expert System for Catalyst Selection—1, Expert System Considerations” Computers and Chemical Engineering11267–277.

    Google Scholar

    Beltramini L and Motard RL, 1988, “KNOD—A knowledge based approach for process design” Computers and Chemical Engineering vol. 12 (9/10) pp 939–958, Pergamon Press.

    Google Scholar

    Berkovitch I and Baker-Counsell J, 1985, “Proving the use of expert systems” Process Eng.25–26.

    Google Scholar

    Booth SH and Jones MC, 1987, “Use of rule based programming for operability studies” Annual Research Meeting—University of NottinghamI. Chem. E., Nottingham.

    Google Scholar

    Best RJ, Dhallu NS and Johns WR, 1987, “Enumerative and AI methods for process design” Chem. and Industry510–515.

    Google Scholar

    Branch J, 1985, “Towards integrated process design” Processing37–39.

    Google Scholar

    Britt HI, Smith JA and Wareck JS, 1989, “A computer-aided process synthesis and analysis environment” Conference Proceedings: Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design—Snowmass Village, Colorado,July 1989Cache Corporation.

    Google Scholar

    Brown DC, 1984, “Expert systems for design problem solving, using design refinement with plan selection and redesign”, PhD Thesis, Ohio State University.

    Google Scholar

    Bunn AR and Lees FP, 1988, “Expert design of plant handling hazardous materials” Chemical Engineering Research & Design 66.

    Google Scholar

    Cherry DH, 1975, PhD Thesis, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar

    CISHC (Chemical Industry Safety and Health Council), 1977, A Guide to Hazard and Operability Studies, Chemical Industries Association, London.

    Google Scholar

    Conti GAP, 1987, PhD Thesis, Cambridge.

    Google Scholar

    Dalle Molle DT, Kuipers BJ and Edgar TF, 1988, “Qualitative modelling and simulation of dynamic systems” Computers and Chemical Engineering vol. 12 (9/10) pp 853–866. Pergamon Press.

    Google Scholar

    Daniell J and Director SW, 1989, “An object orientated approach to CAD tool control within a design framework” CMUCAD–89–15, Research Centre for Computer-Aided Design, Carnegie Mellon University.

    Google Scholar

    DeKleer J and Brown JS, 1984, “A qualitative physics based on confluences” Artificial Intelligence247–83.

    Google Scholar

    Dohnal M, 1987, “Naive models in chemical and system engineering” Proceedings of CEF-87 (The Use of Computers in Chemical Engineering).

    Google Scholar

    Douglas JM, 1985, “A hierarchical decision procedure for process synthesis” A.I.Ch.E. Journal31353–362.

    Google Scholar

    Duxbury HA and Preston ML, 1987, “The process systems contribution to process safety” Conference Proceedings: Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Operation,1987Cache Corporation.

    Google Scholar

    Eberts RE and Lafayette W, 1985, “Cognitive skills and process control” Chem. Eng. Progress.

    Google Scholar

    Ferguson GH, 1985, “The knowledge problem in artificial intelligence with special reference to hazard and operability studies” M.Sc. Project, Loughborough University of Technology, Loughborough, UK.

    Google Scholar

    Forbus KD, 1984, “Qualitative process theory” Artificial Intelligence2485–168.

    Google Scholar

    Foulkes NR, Walton MJ, Andow PK and Galluzzo M.1988, “Computer-aided synthesis of complex pump and valve operations” Computers and Chemical Engineering vol. 12 (9/10) pp 1035–1044, Pergamon Press.

    Google Scholar

    Fusillo RH and Powers GJ, 1987, “A synthesis method for chemical plant operating procedures” Computers and Chemical Engineering11 (4) 369–382.

    Google Scholar

    Fusillo RH and Powers GJ, 1988a, “Computer-aided planning of purge operations” A.I.Ch.E. Journal34 (4) 558–566.

    Google Scholar

    Fusillo RH and Powers GJ, 1988b, “Operating procedure synthesis using local models and distributed goals” Computers and Chemical Engineering vol. 12 (9/10) pp 1023–1034, Pergamon Press.

    Google Scholar

    Harris DJ and Jones MC, 1987, “Expert system shells in process safety assessment” Annual Research Meeting—University of NottinghamI. Chem. E., Nottingham.

    Google Scholar

    Hoskins JC and Himmelblau DM, 1988, “Artificial neural network models of knowledge representation in chemical engineering” Computers and Chemical Engineering vol. 12 (9/10) pp 881–890, Pergamon Press. I. Chem. E., 1977, A First Guide to Loss Prevention I. Chem. E., Rugby.

    Google Scholar

    Joback KG and Stephanopoulos G, 1989, “Designing molecules possessing desired physical property values” Conference Proceedings: Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design–Snowmass Village, Colorado, July 1989Cache Corporation,Austin, Texas.

    Google Scholar

    Joshi AP and Motard RL, 1988, “Qualitative simulation of chemical engineering systems using qualitative process theory” Doctoral Proposal, Department of Chemical Engineering, Washington University, Missouri.

    Google Scholar

    Kessler MG and Parker RO, 1969, “Optimal networks of heat exchangers” Chem. Eng. Prog. Symp. Ser.65 (92) 111–120.

    Google Scholar

    Kirkwood RL, Locke MH and Douglas JM, 1988, “A prototype expert system for synthesising chemical process flowsheets” Computers and Chemical Engineering12329–343.

    Google Scholar

    Kletz TA, 1983, “Hazop and Hazan—Notes on the identification and assessment of hazards” I. Chem. E. Workshop ModulesI. Chem. E., Rugby.

    Google Scholar

    Kramer MA, 1987, “Expert systems for process fault diagnosis: A general framework” Conference Proceedings: Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Operation, 1987Cache Corporation.

    Google Scholar

    Kuipers B, 1986, “Qualitative simulation” Artificial Intelligence29289–338.

    Google Scholar

    Lakshmanan R and Stephanopoulos G, 1988a, “Synthesis of operating procedures for complete chemical plants—1. Hierarchical, structured modeling for nonlinear planning” Computers and Chemical Engineering vol. 12 (9/10) pp 985–1002, Pergamon Press.

    Google Scholar

    Lakshmanan R and Stephanopoulos G, 1988b, “Synthesis of operating procedures for complete chemical plants—2. A nonlinear planning methodology” Computers and Chemical Engineering vol. 12 (9/10) pp 1003–1022, Pergamon Press.

    Google Scholar

    Lang Y-D, Biegler LT and Grossman IE, 1988, “Simultaneous optimisation and heat integration with process simulators” Computers and Chemical Engineering12 (4) 311–328.

    Google Scholar

    Lapp SA and Powers GJ, 1977, “Computer-aided synthesis of fault-trees” IEEE Transactions on Reliability R-262–11.

    Google Scholar

    Lien K, Suzuki G and Westerberg AW, 1986, “The role of expert systems technology in design” Carnegie Mellon University, Engineering Design Research Center, EDRC-06–13–86.

    Google Scholar

    Leitch RR, 1988, “A task-orientated architecture for process control applications” Proceedings of IEE Colloquium—Qualitative Modelling in Diagnosis and Control.

    Google Scholar

    Liles JA, Lott DH and Preston ML, 1988, “Process definition to plant design: Integration at last?” Proceedings of PSE'88 pp 117–124, Inst. Eng. Australia.

    Google Scholar

    Linnhoff B and Flower JR, 1978, “Synthesis of heat exchanger networks I. Systematic generation of optimal networks” A.I.Ch.E. Journal24633–642.

    Google Scholar

    Linnhoff B, Townsend DW, Boland D, Hewitt GF, Thomas BEA, Guy AR and Marsland RH, 1982, A User Guide for the Efficient Use of EnergyI. Chem. E.

    Google Scholar

    Martin-Solis GA, Andow PK and Lees FP, 1982, “Fault tree synthesis for design and real time applications” Transactions of the I.Chem.E6014–25.

    Google Scholar

    Masso AH and Rudd DF, 1969, “Synthesis of system designs II. Heuristic structuring” A.I. Ch. E. Journal15 (1) 10–18.

    Google Scholar

    Matthews B, Lindenfelzer P, Hawkinson L and Moore R, 1988, “Process control with the G2 real-time expert system” Proceedings of the First International Conference on Industrial and Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence & Expert Systems—Tullahoma, Tennessee,1988.

    Google Scholar

    Mavrovouniotis ML and Stephanopoulos G, 1987, “Reasoning with order of magnitude and approximate relations” Proceedings of AAAI-87.

    Google Scholar

    Mavrovouniotis ML and Stephanopoulos G, 1988, “Formal order of magnitude reasoning in process engineering, Computers and Chemical Engineering vol. 12 (9/10) pp 867–880, Pergamon Press.

    Google Scholar

    May D and Rudd DF, 1976, “Development of solvay clusters of chemical reactions” Chem. Eng. Science3159–69.

    Google Scholar

    Milne R, 1989, “Monitoring process control systems” Workshop on AI in Process Engineering—Preprints of one-day workshop at the Artificial Intelligence Applications Institute, Edinburgh.

    Google Scholar

    Munro N, 1987, “ECSTACY—An environment for control system design” internal report, University of Manchester Institute of Science & Technology (UMIST), UK.

    Google Scholar

    Myers DR, Davis JF and Herman DJ, 1988, “A task-orientated approach to knowledge-based systems for process engineering design” Computers and Chemical Engineering vol. 12 (9/10) pp 959–972, Pergamon Press.

    Google Scholar

    Niida K, Itoh J, Umeda T, Kobyashi S and Ichikawa A, 1985, “Some expert system experiments in process engineering” I.Chem.E. Symposium Series vol. 92, Process Systems Engineering'85Pergamon Press.

    Google Scholar

    O'Shima E, 1987, “Sequencing and scheduling of plant operations” Conference Proceedings: Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Operation,Cache Corporation.

    Google Scholar

    Park SW and Himmelblau DM, 1987, “Structural design for systems fault diagnosis” Computers and Chemical Engineering11 (6) 713–722.

    Google Scholar

    Peel D and Morris AJ, 1989, “Towards knowledge-based process control” One Day Workshop on AI in Process EngineeringArtificial Intelligence Applications Institute, Edinburgh.

    Google Scholar

    Ponton JW, Donaldson RAB, Johns WR and Romero D, 1979, “The automatic generation and evaluation of process flowsheets” Computers and Chemical Engineering3251–260.

    Google Scholar

    Ponton JW, Hutton D, Jones G and Skilling N, 1989, “A demonstration ‘intelligent’ physical properties package” Proceedings ofChempor '89Lisbon, 1989.

    Google Scholar

    Preston ML and Ponton JW, 1988, “ICI process engineering expert systems—Present & future” Proceedings of AIChE National Meeting, Spring 1988.

    Google Scholar

    Raiman O, 1986, “Order of magnitude reasoning” Proceedings of AAAI-86 pp 100–104, American Association for Artificial Intelligence.

    Google Scholar

    Ramesh TS, Shum SK and Davis JF, 1988, “A structured framework for efficient problem solving in diagnostic expert systems” Computers and Chemical Engineering vol. 12 (9/10) pp 891–902, Pergamon Press.

    Google Scholar

    Rich SH and Venkatasubramanian V, 1987, “Model-based reasoning in diagnostic expert systems for chemical process plants” Computers and Chemical Engineering11 (2) 111–122.

    Google Scholar

    Rijckaert MJ and Bogaerts W, 1987, “Expert systems for materials selection and process control” Conference Proceedings: Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Operation,Cache Corporation 687–694.

    Google Scholar

    Roach JR and Lees FP, 1981, “Some features of and activities in hazard and operability (HAZOP) studies” The Chemical Engineer, 10, 1981.

    Google Scholar

    Russell LW and Perkins JD, 1987, “Towards a method for diagnosis of controllability and operability problems in chemical plants” Chemical Engineering Research & Design 65.

    Google Scholar

    Sargent RWH, 1989, “Process design—What next?” Conference Proceedings: Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design—Snowmass Village,Colorado,July 1989Cache Corporation.

    Google Scholar

    Sargent RWH and Stephanopoulos G, 1989, “AI in chemical engineering—informal discussion session summary” Conference Proceedings: Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design—Snowmass Village,Colorado,July 1989Cache Corporation.

    Google Scholar

    Shafaghi A, Andow PK and Lees FP, 1984, “Fault tree synthesis based on control loop structure” Chemical Engineering Research and Design62101–110.

    Google Scholar

    Stephanopoulos G, 1987, “The scope of artificial intelligence in plant-wide operations” Conference Proceedings: Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Operation,Cache Corporation.

    Google Scholar

    Stephanopoulos G, 1988, “Autonomy in process control systems” Proceedings of One Day International Symposium on Advanced Process Supervision and Real-time Knowledge Based ControlNewcastle.

    Google Scholar

    Stephanopoulos G, Johnston J, Kriticos T, Lakshmanan R, Mavrovouniotis ML and Siletti C, 1987, “Design-kit: An object-oriented environment for process engineering” Computers and Chemical Engineering vol. 11 (6) pp 655–674, Pergamon Press.

    Google Scholar

    Stephanopoulos G and Townsend DW, 1985, “Synthesis in process development: Issues and solution methodologies” I. Chem. E. Symp. Series 92—Process Systems Engineering '85, Pergamon Press.

    Google Scholar

    Suokas J, Heino P and Karvonen , 1987, “The development of an expert system to support Hazop analysis” in: Reliability '87—Proceedings, Birmingham.

    Google Scholar

    Talukdar S and Westerberg AW, 1988, “A view of next generation tools for design” EDRC 05–17–88, Engineering Design Research Centre, Carnegie Mellon University.

    Google Scholar

    Taylor JR, 1982, “An algorithm for fault-tree Construction” IEEE Transactions on ReliabilityR-31 (2) 137–146.

    Google Scholar

    Thompson RW and King CJ, 1972, “Systematic synthesis of separation schemes” A.I.Ch.E. Journal18 (5) 941–948.

    Google Scholar

    Venkatasubramanian V and Dhurjati P, 1987, “Towards an object-orientated diagnostic methodology for the expert system FALCON” Conference Proceedings: Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Operation,Cache Corporation.

    Google Scholar

    Venkatasubramanian V and Rich SH, 1988, “An object-orientated two-tier architecture for integrating compiled and deep-level knowledge for process diagnosis” Computers and Chemical Engineering vol. 12 (9/10) pp 903–922, Pergamon Press.

    Google Scholar

    Waters A, Chung PWH and Ponton J, 1990, “Representing safety constraints upon chemical plant designs” Expert System Applications, ed. Vadera S, Sigma Press, Wilmslow, England, 1990.

    Google Scholar

    Waters A and Ponton J, 1989, “Qualitative simulation and fault propagation in process plants” Chemical Engineering Research and Design67407–422.

    Google Scholar

    Weatherill T and Cameron I, 1988, “Preliminary HAZOP studies using expert systems” in: Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Process Systems Engineering (PSE '88), Sydney Inst. Eng. Australia.

    Google Scholar

    Wells GL, 1980, Safety in Process Plant DesignGeorge Godwin Ltd, London.

    Google Scholar

    Westerberg AW, Hutchinson HP, Motard RL and Winter P, 1979, Process FlowsheetingCambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar

    Westerberg AW, Piela PC, Subrahmanian E, Podnar G and Elm B, 1989, “A future computing environment for preliminary design” Conference Proceedings: Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design—Snowmass Village,Colorado,July 1989Cache Corporation.

    Google Scholar

    Winter P and Rosen EM, 1986, “Process engineering databases” Chemical Engineering93 (13) 65–76.

    Google Scholar

    Yamashita Y, and Motard RL, 1986, “Object oriented integration of process engineering computing” Paper presented at AIChE Spring Meeting New Orleans.

    Google Scholar

  • Cite this article

    D. Hutton, J. W. Ponton, A. Waters. 1990. AI applications in process design, operation and safety. The Knowledge Engineering Review. 5:5324 doi: 10.1017/S0269888900005324
    D. Hutton, J. W. Ponton, A. Waters. 1990. AI applications in process design, operation and safety. The Knowledge Engineering Review. 5:5324 doi: 10.1017/S0269888900005324
    shu
Download PDF

Article Metrics

Article views(22) PDF downloads(331)

Other Articles By Authors

RESEARCH ARTICLE   Open Access    

AI applications in process design, operation and safety

  • Published online: 07 July 2009
The Knowledge Engineering Review  5,  Article number: 10.1017/S0269888900005324  (1990)  |  Cite this article

Abstract: Abstract: This review provides an overview of the present state of the art in applying AI techniques to the work of Chemical and Process Engineers. Such work is described, where necessary, in order to make this paper understandable to an audience outside the process engineering community.The first section discusses the nature of chemical engineering design and draws the important distinction between process design and plant design. The complete design cycle is covered a stage at a time and AI applications and issues identified. The section finishes with a discussion of integrated or concurrent design, which is the ultimate aim of much current research.The second section discusses AI applications in process operation. This covers process monitoring, alarm processing and fault diagnosis.The third section discusses, in some depth, design stage loss prevention, that is the design of plants to be safe and reliable. Safety is an integral part of design, but the inclusion of a separate section is appropriate as the qualitative and judgemental nature of many safety related problems has encouraged the use of AI techniques. Applications of AI planning to the problem of automatic operating procedure synthesis and applications of qualitative simulation to chemical engineering problems are also discussed in this section.

    HTML

    Rights and permissions
    • Copyright © Cambridge University Press 19901990Cambridge University Press
References (92)
  • About this article
    Cite this article
    D. Hutton, J. W. Ponton, A. Waters. 1990. AI applications in process design, operation and safety. The Knowledge Engineering Review. 5:5324 doi: 10.1017/S0269888900005324
    D. Hutton, J. W. Ponton, A. Waters. 1990. AI applications in process design, operation and safety. The Knowledge Engineering Review. 5:5324 doi: 10.1017/S0269888900005324
    shu

    • Catalog

      /

      DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
      Return
      Return