Author Correction: Repeated low-level red light vs. 0.01% atropine for myopia control in children: a multicenter randomized controlled trial

Since the publication of this article, the authors have noticed the following errors:

1. Unit error for SS-OCT wavelength in the Materials and methods. The unit has been corrected from "1,050 µm" to "1,050 nm" for SS-OCT wavelength.

2. Inconsistent decimal places in percentages in the Results. The percentages "21.87% vs. 20.8%" have been unified to "21.87% vs. 20.80%" (both having two decimal places).

3. Duplicate paragraph in the Discussion. The second occurrence of the text beginning with "In the overall cohort, baseline AL was not significantly associated..." has been removed. The first occurrence remains in its original position, ensuring logical flow and avoiding redundancy.

4. Inconsistent SFChT values in the Discussion. The Discussion previously stated "+15.2 vs. +5.8 µm", which has been corrected to align with the Abstract, Results, and Table 4. The corrected sentence now reads: "...our data on the significantly greater increase in SFChT in the RLRL group (+21.09 µm vs. −15.60 µm) are in agreement with the work of Peng et al.^[18] and Shang et al.^[19]..."

5. Incorrect between-group difference for axial elongation. The Discussion previously cited a between-group difference of 0.11 mm (−0.09 vs. +0.02 mm), which did not match any time-point in Table 2. It has been revised to present the 12-month primary outcome data directly from Table 2: "...with a between-group difference of 0.42 mm (−0.05 vs. +0.37 mm) over the 12-month period."

6. Inconsistent percentage and mean AL change regarding AL shortening. The corresponding content in the Discussion has been corrected to reflect the accurate data reported in the Results and Table 2. The revised statement now reads: "Notably, 50.0% of the RLRL-treated subjects exhibited AL shortening of > 0.05 mm at 12 months, which is consistent with the overall negative adjusted mean AL change of −0.05 mm observed in this group."

7. In-text cross-reference to a non-existent section. The phrase "As discussed in Section 4.4" has been removed. To preserve the intended mechanistic explanation, we have rephrased the passage as follows: "Additionally, the potential indirect effects of RLRL on the ciliary muscle should also be considered, as RLRL may engage retinal dopaminergic pathways which are known to regulate ciliary muscle tone^[38]."

8. The 95% CI for the Age coefficient in Table 3 (SER section) has been corrected. The original value (0.008 to 0.901) has been updated to 0.049 (0.008 to 0.091).

9. Incorrect title of Table 4. The title of Table 4 was corrected to accurately reflect the data presented. It now reads: "Cumulative adjusted mean changes in subfoveal choroidal thickness and corneal curvature from baseline to 12 months at each timepoint between the RLRL group and the 0.01% atropine group."

10. Identical 95% CIs for different mean differences in Table 4 (SFChT). The 95% confidence intervals for the 1-month and 3-month mean differences in SFChT have been corrected. The updated values are now:

1 month: mean difference = 13.5 (1.17 to 25.8)

3 months: mean difference = 14.9 (2.64 to 27.3)

11. Legends of Figures 2 and 3 have been revised to specify what the error bars represent. The figure legends now read as:

Fig. 2: Line graphs showing the adjusted mean changes in (a) axial length (after adjusting for age, sex, time, treatment group, visit*group, and baseline AL), and (b) cycloplegic spherical equivalent refractions (SERs) (after adjusting for age, sex, time, treatment group, visit*group, and baseline SER) from baseline to 12 months at each time point between the RLRL group and the 0.01% atropine group. Error bars represent standard error. Sample sizes at each time point were n = 64 for the RLRL group and n = 53 for the 0.01% atropine group. D = diopter.

Fig. 3: Line graphs showing the adjusted mean changes in (a) subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFChT) (after adjusting for age, sex, time, treatment group, visit*group, and baseline SFChT). (b) Corneal curvature (CC) (after adjusting for age, sex, time, treatment group, visit*group, and baseline CC) from baseline to 12 months at each time point between the RLRL group and the 0.01% atropine group. Error bars represent standard error. Sample sizes at each time point were n = 64 for the RLRL group and n = 53 for the 0.01% atropine group.

The authors would like to apologize for these errors.

The original article has been corrected in the HTML and PDF versions.